https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tpi-1.html We speculated that distant retrograde dissemination could have been attributed to metastatic spread through cerebrospinal fluid caused by tumor hemorrhage, which may explain distant dissemination despite low expression of Ki-67. Screening of the whole brain and spine at the time of diagnosis is imperative when tumor is detected at any level of the neuraxis. The present case of SME with a preoperative intracranial lesion is the fifth case documented in the medical literature. Screening of the whole brain and spine at the time of diagnosis is imperative when tumor is detected at any level of the neuraxis. The present case of SME with a preoperative intracranial lesion is the fifth case documented in the medical literature.Corpus callosotomy, first used in the management of epilepsy by William P. van Wagenen in 1940, was for years a contentious procedure. Two decades later, Nobel Laureate Roger W. Sperry's split-brain studies inspired surgeons to reexamine the role of corpus callosotomy in the control of epileptic seizures. In 1962, Joseph Bogen and Philip Vogel performed complete corpus callosotomies in patients with a history of generalized seizures. The identification of a set of postsurgical disconnection symptoms and other neurologic deficits begged the improvement of the surgical technique. Modifications to the operation, including anterior callosotomy, posterior callosotomy, partial callosotomy, staged callosotomy, microsurgical techniques, and radiosurgical techniques, continue to refine the procedure. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a neuromodulation process to treat neuropathic pain, initially developed on tonic paresthesia-based stimulation. In the last decade, 3 major paresthesia-free SCSs have emerged. Several studies show their superiority over tonic stimulation. We summarize the data on SCS efficacy and patients' preferences. We selected studies from the last decade to clarify whether the different paresth