https://www.selleckchem.com/products/FK-506-(Tacrolimus).html Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and severe complication in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in the intensive care unit. The development of COVID-19 associated AKI is closely linked to the severity of the disease course. The main risk factor for kidney failure requiring kidney replacement therapy is the necessity for invasive ventilation, whereby the onset of renal failure is often closely associated with the timing of intubation. Additionally, the risk factors for a severe course of COVID-19 have been shown to also be risk factors for renal failure. AKI in COVID-19 shows a high mortality and in some patients leads to chronic kidney disease; however, full recovery of kidney function in survivors who need dialysis is not uncommon. With respect to prevention and treatment of renal failure associated with COVID-19, the same recommendations as for AKI from other causes are valid (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, KDIGO bundles). Due to the large numbers of patients in the setting of overwhelmed resources, the availability of extracorporeal renal replacement procedures can become critical, especially since hypercoagulation is frequent in COVID‑19. In order to avoid triage situations, in some centers acute peritoneal dialysis was used as an alternative to extracorporeal procedures. Medical robotics has the potential to improve surgical and endoluminal procedures by enabling high-precision movements and superhuman perception. To present historical, existing and future robotic assistants for surgery and to highlight their characteristics and advantages for keyhole surgery and endoscopy. In particular, historical medical robots and conventional telemanipulators are presented and compared with minimally invasive continuum robots and novel robotic concepts from practice and research. In addition, aperspective for future generations of surgical and endoluminal robots is offered. Robot-assis