Moving-bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) or integrated floating-film activated sludge (IFFAS) process has been proved to be one of the ideal candidates for anammox application. However, the slow development of anammox bacteria (AnAOB) biofilm and unstable bioactivity always limit their wide application. This study developed a type of novel zero-valent iron (ZVI)-based modified carrier for strengthening AnAOB attachment and enhancing anammox performance. Surface properties analysis indicated the iron-based modified carrier revealed electropositive, less hydrophobic, and higher surface free energy compared with conventional high density polyethylene (HDPE) carrier. These surface parameters were positively correlated with total biomass attachment, anammox biofilm development, EPS secretion and heme-c production. IFFAS process filled with iron-based modified carriers could keep relatively stable and high anammox activity at different influent TN loadings (varied from 0.6 to 1.4 kg/(m3∙d)) and showed potential to keep and recover AnAOB bioactivity after six-months-freeze. Microbial analysis confirmed that anammox genus, Candidatus Kuenenia, had a significant niche preference on iron-based modified carrier than conventional HDPE carrier. As a result, the population of Candidatus Kuenenia in IFFAS process filled with modified carriers that contained 2 wt% or 3 wt% ZVI was 1.34 × 106-1.55 × 106 copies/ mg DNA, increased by 20.7-39.6% comparing with that in the control reactor (1.11 × 106 copies/ mg DNA). This study demonstrated AnAOB could be enriched and maintained in situ with high abundance and bioactivity on the iron-based modified carriers, which would be significant for anammox process wide application in full-scale.Mangrove forest is a key ecosystem between land and sea, and provides many services such as trapping sediments and contaminants. These contaminants include trace metals (TM) that can accumulate in mangroves soil and biota. This paper innovates by the comparative study of the effects of the watershed inputs on TM distribution in mangrove soil, on roots bioconcentration factors of two species (Avicennia marina and Rhizophora stylosa), and on Fe plaque formation and immobilization of these TM. Two mangrove forests in New Caledonia were chosen as study sites. One mangrove is located downstream ultramafic rocks and a Ni mine (ultrabasic site), whereas the second mangrove ends a volcano-sedimentary watershed (non-ultrabasic site). TM concentrations (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn) were measured in soil, porewaters, and roots of both species via ICP-OES or Hg analyzer. Analyzed TM were significantly more concentrated in soils at the ultrabasic site with Fe, Cr, and Ni the most abundant. Iron, Mn, and Ni were the most concentrated in the roots with mean values of 9,651, 192, and 133 mg kg-1 respectively. However, the bioconcentration factors (BCF) of Fe (0.16) and Ni (0.11) were low due to a lack of ions in the dissolved phase and potential uptake regulation. The uptake of TM by mangrove trees was influenced by concentrations in soil, but more importantly by their potential bioavailability and the physiological characteristics of each species. TM concentrations and BCF were lower for R. stylosa probably due to less permeable root system. A. marina limits TM absorption through Fe plaque formation on its pneumatophores with a capacity to retain TM up to 94% for Mn. Mean Fe plaque formation is potentially correlated to Fe concentration in soil. Eventually, framboids of pyrite were observed within root tissues in the epidermis of A. marina's pneumatophores.Class 1 integrons (CL1s) are one of the major contributors to the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). However, our knowledge of CL1 in the environment is still very limited due to the limitations of the current PCR primers and the sequencing methods adopted. This study developed a new primer coupled with PacBio sequencing to investigate the underrepresented diversity of CL1s in a mixed environmental sample (i.e. activated sludge from wastewater treatment plant and pig feces from animal farm). The new primer successfully uncovered 20 extra ARGs subtypes and 57% (422/739) more unique integron array structures than the previous primers. Compared to the whole genome database, CL1s revealed in the environment in this study were of much greater diversity, having 93% (900/967) novel array structures.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/jsh-150.html  Antibiotic resistance is the predominant function (78.3% genes) carried by CL1, and a vast majority (98.6% genes) of them confer resistance to aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, trimethoprim, or chloramphenicol. Additionally, 78.5% unique CL1 arrays carried more than one ARGs, and 25.9% of them carried ARGs of clinical relevance with high transferability potential posing threat to the general public. Our results indicated the importance of CL1s in the spread of ARGs. Overall, combining PacBio sequencing with the new primer designed in this study largely broadened our knowledge of CL1s in the environment and their significance in the environmental proliferation of ARGs.Coagulation/flocculation is considered an economical and practical technology to remove refractory organic matter from wastewater. Coagulants containing chlorine may release chloride ions into water, thereby resulting in corrosion. A green chlorine-free coagulant of polyaluminum ferric silicate (PSAF) was synthesized to treat non-oily (e.g., humus wastewater) and oily refractory wastewaters (e.g., lubricating oil wastewater). Results showed that the highest removal efficiency of humus substances in non-oily wastewater achieved 96.0% at pH 7.0 using PSAF alone. When treating oily wastewater, the dosage and addition sequence of PAMALAM significantly affected the coagulation performance. The removal efficiencies of turbidity, chemical oxygen demand, and total nitrogen were increased by 0.3, 1.8, and 5.9 folds, respectively, with the optimal adding sequence of PSAF +0.08% PAMALAM. More fulvic acid-like substances can be removed during this process. The analysis of zeta potential and floc properties revealed that charge neutralization, sweep, and adsorption/entrapment mechanisms existed during the single PSAF coagulation process, and PAMALAM mainly improved the adsorption, bridging, and sweep function.