robiological status of the wound.
 A host response to critical pathological levels of bioburden in a wound-as detected with the infection detection kit-may partly be determined by an individual patient's (vascular) health and therefore be person-specific.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Sodium-butyrate.html  Further research is indicated to determine the relationship between an infection detection kit test result and the microbiological status of the wound.
  To examine the effect of a nanocolloidal silver-based gel called SilvoGel (ChitoTech, Iran) versus eosin (prepared by Razi Hospital, Iran) among patients with immunobullous disease.
 
  This blind, randomised controlled study was carried out on patients with pemphigus vulgaris who had hard-to-heal ulcers, divided into two equal-sized groups one treatment group receiving the nanocolloidal silver-based gel and the control group receiving the conventional eosin.
 
  A total of 32 patients participated in the study. In both the treatment and control groups, ulcer area, exudate and tissue type improved significantly (p<0.001 for all measures). A significantly higher rate of improvement in ulcer area was observed in the treatment group compared with the control group (p<0.001). Both patient and physician satisfaction were significantly higher in the treatment group compared with the control group (p=0.003 and p=0.01, respectively).
 
  The results of this study indicate that use of the nanocolloidal silver-based gel for treating patients with immunobullous disease including pemphigus could potentially increase the rate and quality of wound healing.
 The results of this study indicate that use of the nanocolloidal silver-based gel for treating patients with immunobullous disease including pemphigus could potentially increase the rate and quality of wound healing.
  To investigate whether a fibrin sealant, Fitrix (Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, The Netherlands), for fixation of skin grafts in children with burn wounds is less invasive and equally effective in comparison with skin staples.
 
  A single-centre prospective observational cohort study was conducted. Children requiring skin grafting after burns were included and received the fibrin sealant. This group was compared with a retrospective control group of children whose skin grafts were fixed with skin staples. Study outcomes were graft take, graft dislocation, other wound complications, healing and need for sedation.
 
  In the fibrin sealant and the control groups, 17 and 27 patients were included, respectively. The percentage of total body surface area (%TBSA) grafted was smaller (p=0.028) in the fibrin sealant group (median 1.0, interquartile range (IQR) 1.5 versus 2.0, IQR 2.5). There was no significant difference in graft take or wound healing. There were two graft dislocations in the fibrin sealant group and none in the control group. Other complications included a patient with graft failure in the fibrin sealant group, and another patient with a vanishing graft and wound infection in the control group. There were fewer sedations in the fibrin sealant group compared with the control group (one versus 20, p<0.0001).
 
  The fibrin sealant used in this study was non-inferior for the fixation of skin grafts in comparison with skin staples, and avoided sedation procedures.
 The fibrin sealant used in this study was non-inferior for the fixation of skin grafts in comparison with skin staples, and avoided sedation procedures.
  Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a major healthcare problem, commonly associated with older people, patients who are bedbound and patients with diabetes. The impact of PUs can decrease patients' quality of life, and lead to high morbidity and mortality rates. In this study, we aimed to describe a novel PU model that simulates pressure ulcers in humans to provide a research tool for new drug testing.
 
  Diabetes was induced using streptozocin in 75 adult Sprague Dawley rats. To create the PU, skin was sandwiched between two magnets, one of them implanted below the panniculus carnosus muscle and the other above the skin. The model was tested on nondiabetic rats and diabetic rats, each with pressure ulcers, compared to nondiabetic rats with excisional wounds.
 
  Results showed that the PU model in diabetic (p-value<0.000001) and non-diabetic rats (p-value<0.05) exhibited significantly delayed healing (no healing over 21 days) compared with the excisional wound that was completely healed by day 21.
 
  Diabetic rats showed significant changes in intact skin compared with non-diabetic rats, as well as a significant delay in the healing process compared with the non-diabetic group. By effectively impairing the skin contraction otherwise seen in the rats, and thereby delaying healing and making it similar to that seen in hard-to-heal PUs in humans, this model provides an effective tool for wound healing research.
 Diabetic rats showed significant changes in intact skin compared with non-diabetic rats, as well as a significant delay in the healing process compared with the non-diabetic group. By effectively impairing the skin contraction otherwise seen in the rats, and thereby delaying healing and making it similar to that seen in hard-to-heal PUs in humans, this model provides an effective tool for wound healing research.
  Mathematical models have the potential to provide valuable insights into complex, biochemical and biomechanical processes. Previously, we developed a mathematical model with a non-linear growth function but could only confirm the feasibility of this model in clinical trials with a small number of patients. This limited the validity of our model. To increase validity, we applied the model to a larger number of patients.
 
  The mathematical model was applied to patient data from a randomised controlled trial as part of the post-evaluation of the model. In this trial, patients with venous leg ulcers were randomised for treatment with either a two-layer bandage or a four-layer bandage.
 
  Data for 186 patients were analysed (two-layer bandage group, n=93; four-layer bandage group, n=93). Using the non-linear growth function, it was confirmed that the two-layer bandage was not inferior to the four-layer bandage. In addition, the mathematical model calculated individual wound healing trajectories and mean wound healing trajectories for both bandage systems.