European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) coexist easily with humans, nesting in the holes and crevices of buildings, garages, birdhouses, purple martin gourds, and other structures and often competing with native birds for these cavities. They will also build a nest from other materials such as sticks, leaves, and string. Their nests are unsophisticated and have a haphazard appearance. A male builds a basic structure, which the female fills with grass, mud, and other materials. She lays five to seven light-blue eggs and shares incubation duties with the male. They raise two broods each year.
 
 The beginning of the breeding season varies according to the climate, with starlings in the south starting their cycle as early as mid-March and those in the north beginning theirs as early as mid-June. Starlings that breed in the south generally have a second brood.
 
 At the landscape level, starlings require both forest fragments that provide cavities to breed in and grasslands for foraging. They have a high reproductive success in areas with both habitat components.
 
 During the winter, they migrate to Europe, Asia, and North Africa. In the United States, this species is an invasive species, where it has caused significant problems by over-occupying native cavity-nesting birds' preferred roost sites and usurping their eggs and chicks. They also compete with native birds for foraging opportunities and for food. They also cause significant economic losses through crop damage.
 
 In some cases, a female starling may attempt to lay an egg in another bird's nest.  https://nestvui.com/bang-gia-to-yen-sao/  is most likely used by females that fail to find a mate early in the breeding season. A successful parasitic nest is rarely successful, however, because the eggs are more likely to be killed by predators than those of a genuine nest.
 
 The young are helpless at birth and are fed by both parents, who feed them a variety of plant and animal foods. Eventually, the young leave the nest after 21 to 23 days and are fully fledged in about four weeks.
 
 This species is a common resident in urban areas, where it is usually found in parks and other public spaces, as well as on agricultural lands. It can also be found in woodlands and other natural areas. Its numbers are declining in many places, though.
 
 You can discourage the presence of european starlings by keeping the area surrounding your home free of nesting material. Remove any discarded nests by hand and seal any openings in your home larger than 1 inch. You can also install predator guards to prevent these birds from entering birdhouses or other wood duck boxes, and you can use a combination of frightening techniques (noises and visual deterrents) to convince starlings to leave a roost site. These methods include tape-recorded distress and alarm calls, shell crackers, propane cannons, shotguns, beating on tin sheets or barrels, and using eye-spot balloons, hawk kits, lights, mylar reflectors, and/or a hawk kite to scare the birds away from the site.