Metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF) is a promising technology with impact in diagnostics, electronics, and sensing. Despite investigation into MEF fundamentals, some properties remain unresearched, notably spectral distortion. To date, publications have described its underpinnings, yet comprehensive analysis is needed, as presented recently for silver films. Herein we expand this description using zinc substrates (ZnNPs). Significant red-edge and blue-edge distortions are reported using Rose Bengal. Radiative decay rate modification is identified as key in amplifying fast/slow electronic transitions by the enhanced emission mechanism. Furthermore, we identify distortion in published studies, bolstering our thinking that spectral distortion is an intrinsic property of MEF.BACKGROUND From the end of December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) began to spread in central China. Social capital is a measure of social trust, belonging, and participation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of social capital on sleep quality and the mechanisms involved in people who self-isolated at home for 14 days in January 2020 during the COVID-19 epidemic in central China. MATERIAL AND METHODS Individuals (n=170) who self-isolated at home for 14 days in central China, completed self-reported questionnaires on the third day of isolation.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dibutyryl-camp-bucladesine.html  Individual social capital was assessed using the Personal Social Capital Scale 16 (PSCI-16) questionnaire. Anxiety was assessed using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) questionnaire, stress was assessed using the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction (SASR) questionnaire, and sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire. Path analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between a dependent variable (social capital) and two or more independent variables, using Pearson's correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). RESULTS Low levels of social capital were associated with increased levels of anxiety and stress, but increased levels of social capital were positively associated with increased quality of sleep. Anxiety was associated with stress and reduced sleep quality, and the combination of anxiety and stress reduced the positive effects of social capital on sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS During a period of individual self-isolation during the COVID-19 virus epidemic in central China, increased social capital improved sleep quality by reducing anxiety and stress.Primary myelofibrosis (MF) and secondary MF developing after polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia are clonal disorders of hematopoiesis. Currently the only therapy offering the potential of cure is hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Several risk classification systems including clinical, hematological and mutational parameters have been proposed. We analyzed the mutational landscape in addition to the Dynamic International Prognostic Scoring System (DIPSS)-plus in 55 MF patients to determine the combined impact on post-HCT outcome. Mutations, analyzed in 75 genes, were most common in JAK2, CALR, ASXL1, TET2, GATA2, EZH2, U2AF1, and ETV6. Patients with three or more mutations in addition to JAK2 or CALR mutations had a higher post-transplant relapse rate and non-relapse mortality than patients with fewer mutations, independent of DIPSS-plus risk. The presence of higher numbers of mutations identified patients at the highest risk of relapse within the highest overall risk group as determined by DIPSS-plus. These findings are consistent with molecular risk classifications for non-transplanted patients and support the proposed transplant risk classification incorporating mutational information. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has the capacity to cure numerous malignant and non-malignant disorders. A dreaded complication is graft failure (GF), as it puts patients at high risk of infection and disease relapse. There is little contemporary data on the risks, outcomes, and economic burden of graft failure in pediatric patients. In this study, we address this gap by focusing on fourteen years of transplant at our single-center, for which data are compared in two time periods 2005-2010 (n= 146) and 2011-2018 (n = 144). In the 290 patients studied, the median age was 9.3 years. 50.3% had malignant vs. non-malignant disease. Cell source included bone marrow (51%), cord blood (19.7%), unmanipulated peripheral blood cells (PBSC; 12.1%) and CD34-selected PBSCs (17.2%). 21% patients had reduced-intensity (RIC) conditioning, and 54.8% of transplants were fully HLA matched. Most patients received serotherapy with rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (39.3%) or alemtuzumab (42.8%). The incidence of nments were seen in our entire HCT population over time. In sum, GF remains a significant challenge in pediatric HCT and poses an economic burden on the health care system. High-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) have been an effective treatment for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients for over three decades. However, it remains unclear which patients benefit from tandem compared to single ASCT. Here, we retrospectively analyzed 978 trial and non-trial patients who underwent single or tandem ASCT in Heidelberg or other German Speaking Myeloma Multicenter Group centers. Our results show that response improvement after 1st ASCT is a significant prognostic factor for progression-free survival benefit from tandem versus single ASCT (multivariable analysis p = 0.002, HR = 0.64, 95 % CI [0.48, 0.85], interaction p = 0.02). Depth of response after 1st ASCT and cytogenetic profile did not have a significant prognostic effect on survival benefit from tandem ASCT. In conclusion, our results suggest that not the response depth but rather response improvement after 1st ASCT is of prognostic significance regarding the benefit of tandem versus single ASCT. High dose melphalan (MEL) and autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is the standard of care in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). Resistance to MEL has been linked to increased DNA repair. Here we sought to identify whether inhibition of PARP1 (PARPi) synergizes with MEL and can overcome resistance. We tested the synergistic cytotoxicity of PARPi with veliparib (VEL), olaparib (OLA) or niraparib (NIRA) combined with MEL in RPMI8226 and U266 MM cell lines as well as their MEL resistance counterparts, RPMI8226-LR5 (LR5) and U266-LR6 (LR6). The addition of VEL, OLA and NIRA to MEL reduced the IC50 in RPMI8226 cells from 27.8 to 23.1, 22.5 and 18.0µM respectively. Similarly, MEL IC50 decreased in U266 cells from 6.2 to 3.2, 3.3 and 3.0 µM. In LR5 and LR6 cells, PARPi did not reverse MEL resistance. We confirmed this in a NOD/SCID/gamma null xenograft mouse model with either MEL sensitive (RPMI8226) or resistant (LR5) MM. Treatment with a MEL-VEL combination prolonged survival in RPMI8226 mice compared to MEL alone (107 vs.