Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists have shown cardioprotective effects which have been suggested to be mediated through inhibition of oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of treatment with a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (liraglutide) on oxidative stress measured as urinary nucleic acid oxidation in persons with type 2 diabetes. Post-hoc analysis of two independent, randomised, placebo-controlled and double-blinded clinical trials. In a cross-over study where persons with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria (LIRALBU, n = 32) received liraglutide (1.8 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks in random order, separated by 4 weeks of wash-out. In a parallel-grouped study where obese persons with type 2 diabetes (SAFEGUARD, n = 56) received liraglutide (1.8 mg/day), sitagliptin (100 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. Endpoints were changes in the urinary markers of DNA oxidation (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG)) and RNA oxidation [8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo)]. In LIRALBU, w sitagliptin on oxidatively generated modifications of nucleic acid in persons with type 2 diabetes.
  A systematic literature review of the performance of 
  Fluorine-fluciclovine PET/CT for imaging of men with recurrent prostate cancer was performed.
 
  Scientific literature databases (MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Libraries) were searched systematically during Oct 2020 using PRISMA criteria. No limit was put on the date of publication. Prospective studies reporting a patient-level 
  F-fluciclovine detection rate (DR) from ≥25 patients with recurrent prostate cancer were sought. Proceedings of relevant meetings held from 2018 through Oct 2020 were searched for abstracts meeting criteria.
 
  Searches identified 321 unique articles. In total, nine articles (six papers and three conference abstracts), comprising a total of 850 patients met inclusion criteria. Most studies (n = 6) relied on ASTRO-Phoenix Criteria, EAU-ESTRO-SIOG, and/or ASTRO-AUA guidelines to identify patients with biochemical recurrence. Patients' PSA levels ranged from 0.02-301.7 ng/mL (median level per study, 0.34-4.10 ng/mL [n = 8]). Ah recurrent prostate cancer leading to measurable clinical benefits. Careful adherence to recommended imaging protocols may help optimize DR.
 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT shows good performance in patients with recurrent prostate cancer leading to measurable clinical benefits. Careful adherence to recommended imaging protocols may help optimize DR.Prostate cancer (PrCa) is one of the most common cancers in men, but little is known about factors affecting its clinical outcomes. Genome-wide association studies have identified more than 170 germline susceptibility loci, but most of them are not associated with aggressive disease. We performed a genome-wide analysis of 185,478 SNPs in Finnish samples (2738 cases, 2400 controls) from the international Collaborative Oncological Gene-Environment Study (iCOGS) to find underlying PrCa risk variants. We identified a total of 21 common, low-penetrance susceptibility loci, including 10 novel variants independently associated with PrCa risk. Novel risk loci were located in the 8q24 (CASC8 rs16902147, OR 1.86, padj = 3.53 × 10-8 and rs58809953, OR 1.71, padj = 4.00 × 10-6; intergenic rs79012498, OR 1.81, padj = 4.26 × 10-8), 17q21 (SP6 rs2074187, OR 1.66, padj = 3.75 × 10-5), 11q13 (rs12795301, OR 1.42, padj = 2.89 × 10-5) and 8p21 (rs995432, OR 1.38, padj = 3.00 × 10-11) regions. Here, we describe SP6, a transcription factor gene, as a new, potentially high-risk gene for PrCa. The intronic variant rs2074187 in SP6 was associated not only with overall susceptibility to PrCa (OR 1.66) but also with a higher odds ratio for aggressive PrCa (OR 1.89) and lower odds for non-aggressive PrCa (OR 1.43). Furthermore, the new intergenic variant rs79012498 at 8q24 conferred risk for aggressive PrCa. Our findings highlighted the power of a population-stratified approach to identify novel, clinically actionable germline PrCa risk loci and strongly suggested SP6 as a new PrCa candidate gene that may be involved in the pathogenesis of PrCa.
  We aimed to test whether the prognostic value of 18 F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) extends to the estimation of systemic treatment response duration.
 
  mCRPC patients submitted to FDG-PET/CT in four Italian centers from 2005 to 2020 were retrospectively enrolled.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bozitinib.html  Clinical and biochemical data at the time of imaging were collected, and SUV max of the hottest lesion, total metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were calculated. The correlation between PET- and biochemical-derived parameters with Overall Survival (OS) was analysed. The prediction of treatment response duration was assessed in the subgroup submitted to FDG-PET/CT in the six months preceding Chemotherapy (namely Docetaxel or Cabazitaxel, 24 patients) or Androgen-Receptor Targeted Agents (ARTA, namely Abiraterone or Enzalutamide, 20 patients) administration.
 
  We enrolled 114 mCRPC patients followed-up for a median interval lasting 15 months. While at univariate analysis, prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), MTV, and TLG were associated with OS, at the multivariate Cox regression analysis, the sole MTV could independently predict OS (p < 0.0001). In the subgroup submitted to FDG-PET/CT before the systemic treatment initiation, PSA and TLG could also predict treatment response duration independently (p < 0.05). Of note, while PSA could not indicate the best treatment choice, lower TLG was associated with higher success rates for ARTA but had no impact on chemotherapy efficacy.
 
  FDG-PET/CT's prognostic value extends to predicting treatment response duration in mCRPC, thus potentially guiding the systemic treatment selection.
 FDG-PET/CT's prognostic value extends to predicting treatment response duration in mCRPC, thus potentially guiding the systemic treatment selection.