Lastly, the challenges and future perspective of oral nano-antibiotics for infection disease therapy are discussed. Overall, nanomedicines designed for oral drug delivery system have demonstrated the potential for the improvement and optimization of currently available antibiotic therapies. Previously, we demonstrated the therapeutic efficacy of a human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, including HPV16 E7 peptide and CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN), against small TC-1 grafted tumors. Here, we developed an HPV16 E7 peptide and CpG ODN vaccine delivered using liposomes modified with DC-targeting mannose, Lip E7/CpG, and determined its anti-tumor effects and influence on systemic immune responses and the tumor microenvironment (TME) in a mouse large TC-1 grafted tumor model. L-alpha-phosphatidyl choline (SPC), cholesterol (CHOL), 1,2-distearoyl- -glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy (polyethylene glycol-2000)] (DSPE-PEG-2000), 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane chloride salt (DOTAP) and Mannose-PEG-DSPE, loaded with HPV16 E7 peptide and CpG ODN, were used to construct the Lip E7/CpG vaccine. The anti-tumor effects and potential mechanism of Lip E7/CpG were assessed by assays of tumor growth inhibition, immune cells, in vivo cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses and cytokines, chemok-tumor effects by enhancing cellular immunity and improving tumor-associated immunosuppression. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/iso-1.html Mannose-modified liposomes are the promising vaccine delivery strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Lip E7/CpG induced anti-tumor effects by enhancing cellular immunity and improving tumor-associated immunosuppression. Mannose-modified liposomes are the promising vaccine delivery strategy for cancer immunotherapy. Triple negative breast cancer is an aggressive disorder which accounts for at least 15% of breast cancer diagnosis and a high percentage of breast cancer morbidity, hence intensive research efforts are focused on the development of effective therapies to overcome the disease. Thymoquinone (TQ), the bioactive constituent of , exhibits anticancer activity, yet its translation to the clinic is hindered by its poor bioavailability and lack of quantification method in blood and tissues. To overcome these limitations, cubosomes were utilized for the encapsulation and delivery of this anticancer molecule. Thymoquinone loaded cubosomes were prepared through the emulsification homogenization method. The physicochemical characteristics, including particle size, zeta potential, morphology and entrapment efficiency, were studied. Moreover, the in vitro antitumor activity was tested on breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and compared to non-tumorigenic cell line (MCF-10A). Subcellular localization, celluo label, detect and subsequently trace it within the human cells. Our results show that thymoquinone encapsulation in cubosomal nanoparticles provides a promising anticancer drug delivery system with the ability to label, detect and subsequently trace it within the human cells. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a significant risk factor that threatens public health. Many studies have confirmed that the professional services for COPD patients by community pharmacists can improve comprehensive benefits. However, there's less research investigating the factors affecting community pharmacists' knowledge about COPD management. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the knowledge of COPD among community pharmacists in China and analyze the factors affecting community pharmacist's knowledge about COPD management. This study employed a face-to-face, self-administered questionnaire survey targeting community pharmacists from three cities (Nanjing, Zhuhai, Qingyang) in China. Descriptive statistics, -test and one-way ANOVA were used for data analysis. Out of the 794 pharmacists surveyed, 177 (22.3%) were completed and valid. The majority (91.0%) of participants had a positive attitude they were responsible for assisting patients to control the disease progreso improve university education, strengthen on-the-job training, adjust the social insurance system, and develop service guidelines for licensed pharmacists to support their professional services for COPD patients. This research indicated that community pharmacists in China lacked sufficient knowledge about COPD management. It is necessary to improve university education, strengthen on-the-job training, adjust the social insurance system, and develop service guidelines for licensed pharmacists to support their professional services for COPD patients. This study aimed to explore the relation between lymphocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (LHR) and pulmonary function of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients compared with neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). In total, 154 participants (n = 77 with COPD and n = 77 without COPD) were recruited. LHR, NLR, PLR, lung function and other data were collected and compared. Pearson's correlation test and the receiver operating characteristics curves were used to compare the utility of LHR, NLR and PLR. Besides, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted. COPD patients with poorer lung function had a lower LHR level ( < 0.001). In low LHR group, more patients underwent greater airflow limitation than the other group ( = 0.006). LHR positively correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second in percent of the predicted value (FEV %) ( = 0.333, = 0.003). At a cut-off value of 2.08, the sensitivity and specificity of LHR in predicting FEV % < 50 were 93.2% and 55.6%, respectively, with an AUC of 0.770 ( = 0.001) better than NLR and PLR. Based on logistic regression analyses, it was proved that LHR was associated with decreased risk of FEV <50% predicted in COPD patients (odds ratio = 0.198, 95% CI 0.048-0.811, = 0.024). In contrast with NLR and PLR, LHR has higher accuracy for predicting pulmonary function in COPD; lower LHR level is independently associated with poorer pulmonary function. In contrast with NLR and PLR, LHR has higher accuracy for predicting pulmonary function in COPD; lower LHR level is independently associated with poorer pulmonary function.