Background The burden of osteoarthritis (OA) to individuals and health systems is substantial and is expected to increase due to population ageing and rising prevalence of obesity and multimorbidity. Primary care-based models of care (MoCs) are being increasingly developed in response to this growing burden. However, these MoCs have yet to be formally reviewed. A MoC can be defined as an 'evidence-informed strategy, framework or pathway that outlines the optimal manner in which condition-specific care should be delivered to consumers within a local health system'. Objective To identify and describe the available research regarding the extent, nature and characteristics of MoCs for OA that have been developed or evaluated in primary care. Methods A scoping review will be conducted in accordance with the Arksey and O'Malley scoping review framework and the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Systematic literature searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Web of Science and LILACs will be conducted from 2010 to present, aligning with publication dates of recent clinical guidelines. A structured iterative search of grey literature will be conducted. Full-text original quantitative or mixed method studies which describe the development or evaluation of MoCs for OA in primary care will be considered. Data will be charted and synthesised and a narrative synthesis will be conducted. Conclusions This scoping review will provide a broad overview regarding the extent, nature and characteristics of the available literature on primary care based MoCs for OA. Findings will be used to identify gaps in the current evidence to identify areas for future research.
  To assess the efficacy of a novel systematic approach aimed at improving a resident physician's ability to perform analysis of the aging face.
 
  Prospective randomized case-control study.
 
  Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education accredited Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery residency program.
 
  Twenty otolaryngology-head and neck surgery residents were randomized into 2 groups with even representation in each postgraduate year level in each cohort. One group used traditional materials (textbooks), and the other group was given exclusive access to the online learning module featuring a systematic approach to aging-face analysis. Both groups completed preactivity, postactivity, and retention assessments to gauge their ability to perform a comprehensive analysis of the aging face.
 
  When compared with a matched control cohort, the residents who used the systematic approach performed more comprehensive facial aging assessments immediately after the intervention and at a retention time point.
 
  A systematic approach delivered via an 11-minute online module can significantly improve a resident physician's ability to perform analysis of the aging face. This systematic approach could be easily integrated into other online or traditional educational curriculums. Moreover, this methodology could be applied to additional areas in which residents have limited exposure but must develop expertise.
 A systematic approach delivered via an 11-minute online module can significantly improve a resident physician's ability to perform analysis of the aging face. This systematic approach could be easily integrated into other online or traditional educational curriculums. Moreover, this methodology could be applied to additional areas in which residents have limited exposure but must develop expertise.With cost, size, and availability in mind, we developed a low-fidelity microsurgery anastomosis model for mastery of the tool skills needed to execute microsurgical procedures. The model combined the use of a cannulated Konnyaku Shirataki (KS) noodle with a low-cost, industrial inspection, trinocular stereo (IITS) microscope. The purpose of this study was to establish face and construct validity of this novel "combined" microsurgery training tool.
  Fifteen participants, divided into 3 groups based on microsurgery experience, attempted microsurgical anastomoses of a cannulated KS noodle using the IITS microscope. Participants were asked to (1) manipulate the noodle ends adjacent to each other, (2) place a single 7-0 nylon suture through the opposed ends, and (3) complete the anastomosis. To determine construct validity, the performance of the microsurgical repair (maximum score 53 points) and time-to-anastomosis was assessed. To determine face validity, microsurgeons were given a 25-item, 5-point scale survey nvironments. Microsurgeons found that this combined model was representative of microsurgery in the OR, and we concluded face validity. Furthermore, an association was demonstrated between training level and performance on the model, suggesting construct validity.
 The use of the KS noodle with a benchtop stereo microscope is a novel approach to microsurgical training. It is inexpensive, available, conducive to high-repetition training, and suited to many learning environments.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/3-deazaneplanocin-a-dznep.html  Microsurgeons found that this combined model was representative of microsurgery in the OR, and we concluded face validity. Furthermore, an association was demonstrated between training level and performance on the model, suggesting construct validity.Social media can influence how students and residents learn about and select graduate medical education programs. COVID-19-related travel restrictions forced residencies to adapt their recruitment strategies. The objective of our investigation was to characterize the prevalence of social media use by orthopaedic surgery residency programs and to examine any change over time before the COVID-19 pandemic and leading up to the 2020 to 2021 virtual interview season.
  The Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database was queried for all orthopaedic surgery residency programs (N = 164). We performed a cross-sectional analysis on the use of Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram by orthopaedic surgery residency programs in May 2019, July 2020, and November 2020. Orthopaedic surgery residency programs were systematically identified on each of the social media platforms. Descriptive statistics were used to facilitate comparisons between the time points.
 
  Seventy-six social media accounts were identified in May 2019 compared with 239 in November 2020-a greater than 300% increase in 19 months.