https://www.selleckchem.com/products/VX-809.html The diverse root-associated fungal communities in bromeliads may enhance plant fitness in both stressful and nutrient-poor environments and may give more flexibility to the plants to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non-IgE-mediated food allergy causing severe acute gastrointestinal symptoms and lethargy, mainly affecting infants and young children. There are geographic variations in its clinical features. This study aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and management of FPIES in Swedish children. The study included children who presented with acute FPIES during 2008-2017. All Swedish pediatric departments (n=32) were invited to report their known patients. Data were collected through chart reviews and interviews with parents. Eighteen pediatric departments contributed, and 113 patients were included. Most had a family history of atopy (74%), and 51% had an atopic disease. Common trigger foods were cow's milk (26%), fish (25%), oat (22%), and rice (8%). Most patients (85%) reacted to a single food. The median age at first reaction was 3.9months for cow's milk and 6.0months for other foods (p<0.001, range 1.0month to 9years). Repetitive vomiting (100%), lethargy (86%), and pallor (61%) were common symptoms; 40% had diarrhea. Sixty percent visited the emergency department, and 27% of all patients were hospitalized. Most patients were diagnosed clinically (81%). Specific IgE for the trigger food was positive in 4/89 tested patients (4%), and skin prick test for the trigger food was positive in 1/53 tested patients (2%). In our Swedish study of 113 children, cow's milk, fish, and oat were the commonest trigger foods. Most patients reacted to a single food, and IgE sensitization was rare. In our Swedish study of 113 children, cow's milk, fish, and oat were the commonest trigger foods. Most patients reacted to a single food, and IgE sensitization