refinement and improved risk stratification.
  The distinct direct and non-targeting effects of electron beam radiation on MCF-7 cells remain obscure. We aimed to investigate the effect of electron beam irradiation (EBI) and conditioned media (CM) of the irradiated MCF-7 cells on MCF-7 cells. The cytotoxic effectsof CM from irradiated MCF-7 cells on the mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were also examined.
 
  Cell viability and apoptosis were assayed via MTT and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. The production of ROS (reactive oxygen species) was evaluated by the chemical fluorometric method, while the amount of extracellular vesicles was detected via acetylcholinesterase activity assay. Expression of genes involved in apoptosis, including caspase-3, -8, -9, and stemness such as Sox-2 and Oct-4, were calculated through qPCR. The wound healing rate of cells was monitored via invitro scratch assay.
 
  Compared to the control group, EBI groups showed decreased cell viability but increased apoptosis and ROS as wells treated with an electron beam and CMs from irradiated MCF-7 cells exhibit an up-regulation in both genes involved in the apoptosis pathway and stemness. As a result, EBI can affect apoptosis and stemness in MCF-7 cells in direct and bystander manners. However, specific signaling pathways require careful evaluation to provide an understanding of the mechanisms involved in the EBI-induced alternation in tumor cell dynamics.
  Breast cancer (BC) is a leading cause of morbidity, disability, and mortality in women, worldwide; triple-negative BC (TNBC) is a subtype traditionally associated with poorer prognosis. TNBC special histology subtypes present distinct clinical and molecular features and sensitivity to antineoplastic treatments. However, no consensus has been defined on the best adjuvant therapy. The aim of the reviewis to study the evidence from literature to inform the choice of adjuvant treatments in this setting.
 
  We systematically searched literature assessing the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with TNBC special histotypes (PROSPERO CRD42020153818).
 
  We screened 6404 records (15 included). All the studies estimated the benefit of different chemotherapy regimens, in retrospective cohorts (median size 69 patients (range min-max 17-5142); median follow-up 51months (range 21-268); mostly in Europe and USA). In patients with early-stage adenoid cystic TNBC, a marginal role of chemotherapy was reported. Similar for apocrine TNBC. Medullary tumors exhibited an intrinsic good prognosis with a limited role of chemotherapy, suggested to be modulated by the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. A significant impact of chemotherapy on the overall survival was estimated in patients with metaplastic TNBC. Limitations were related to the retrospective design of all the studies and heterogeneous treatmentsreceived by the patients.
 
  There is potential opportunity to consider treatment de-escalation and less intense therapies in some patients with early, special histology-type TNBC. International efforts are indispensable to validate prospective clinical decision models.
 There is potential opportunity to consider treatment de-escalation and less intense therapies in some patients with early, special histology-type TNBC. International efforts are indispensable to validate prospective clinical decision models.
  Lifestyle modification is currently the only treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The most effective way to motivate behavior change in this population is not well understood.
 
  The aims of this study were to characterize the association between patient disease knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors and to determine the impact of an educational intervention.
 
  Adults with NAFLD had the following assessed before and after an educational intervention (1) disease knowledge; (2) health-related quality of life (HRQOL); (3) physical activity; (4) diet; (5) stages of change; and (6) clinical variables.
 
  Median age of the cohort (N = 248) was 53.5, 46% were male, 85% were white, and median body mass index was 33.9. Forty-eight percentage had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and 28% had cirrhosis. The median correct knowledge score was 73.6%, median Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire-NAFLD was 5.2/7, and diet score was 7/16 (higher indicating unhealthy diets). The cohort was sedentary at baseline, with 46% and 60% in active phases of change for nutrition and physical activity, respectively. Fifty-six (22%) had all three high-risk behaviors (sedentary, poor diet scores, low stage of change), which was independently associated with depression. The educational intervention improved diet scores, HRQOL, stages of change, and weight.
 
  Despite good disease knowledge, NAFLD participants were sedentary and 1/4 had high-risk lifestyle behaviors. An educational intervention had positive impacts on clinical outcomes, though effect size was small.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/u18666a.html  Pairing educational interventions with targeted interventions to motivate behavior change can improve care for patients with NAFLD.
 Despite good disease knowledge, NAFLD participants were sedentary and 1/4 had high-risk lifestyle behaviors. An educational intervention had positive impacts on clinical outcomes, though effect size was small. Pairing educational interventions with targeted interventions to motivate behavior change can improve care for patients with NAFLD.
  Bovine babesiosis causes morbidity in tropical and subtropical countries worldwide. The present study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Babesia bigemina and B. bovis in cattle and water buffaloes in Menoufia province, where the second-highest population of bovines in Lower Egypt are raised.
 
  A total of 506 blood samples were collected from cattle (N = 262) and water buffaloes (N = 244) in Menoufia province, Egypt. Seroprevalences of B. bigemina and B. bovis in the samples weredetermined using recombinant Babesia antigen-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA).
 
  In cattle, the seroprevalences of B. bigemina and B. bovis were 41.60 and 38.17% (37.40 and 35.88% for IgM and 9.54 and 6.11% for IgG), respectively, whereas those of water buffaloes were 35.66 and 31.97% (27.87 and 21.72% for IgM and 15.16 and 15.16% for IgG), respectively. Statistically significant changes in the seroprevalences of the two infective agents were recorded on the basis of region and season of sample collection.
 
  In conclusion, babesiosis is frequent and presents a threat of an epidemic among bovines in Menoufia province.