https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bgb-290.html Vibration is a very common process in nature, industry, biology, etc. Thus, whether vibration could induce the formation of nanoscale bubbles in water or not is very important for some chemical or biological reactions. In this paper, we designed a control experiment to simulate the vibration process to explore the production and stability of bulk nanobubbles. Experimental results showed that the vibration could indeed induce the formation of a certain number of bulk nanobubbles in water. In addition, the formation of bulk nanobubbles depended on the frequency and time of vibration. The existence of gas-liquid interface played an important role for the bulk nanobubbles formation because that external air is a possible important gas source. Our findings would be helpful to explore the mystical behavior of nanobubbles in natural processes.ZrO2 nanotube arrays and their supported bimetallic platinum and ruthenium (PtxRuy/ZrO2; x + y = 1 mmol %, x/y = 10, 0.90.1, 0.80.2, 0.70.3, 0.50.5, 01) nanocomposites were fabricated by employing SBA-15-OH as a hard template and an impregnation method, respectively. A controlled ordered nanotube array structure formed from the fabricated catalysts, and it showed a good performance for toluene oxidation. The specific physicochemical properties of the catalysts were examined through various analytical means. The PtxRuy/ZrO2 possessed a high surface area, and the Pt-Ru nanoparticles were dispersed uniformly on the ZrO2 nanotube surface. The Pt0.7Ru0.3/ZrO2 catalyst performed best among all of the samples, with T90% and T100% (temperatures for 90 and 100% conversion of toluene) of 140 and 160 °C, respectively, at a weight hourly space velocity of 36 000 mL/(h·g). These bimetallic catalysts exhibit excellent characteristics for toluene oxidation, such as higher turnover frequencies and lower apparent activation energy (Ea) values, which probably result from the synergistic effect of the Pt