High flow nasal oxygen may better support the vulnerable respiratory state of patients during procedural sedation.
 
  The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of high flow nasal oxygen in comparison to facemask oxygen on ventilation during cardiac implantable electronic device procedures performed with procedural sedation.
 
  A randomised controlled trial.
 
  The study was conducted at one academic hospital in Canada.
 
  Adults undergoing elective cardiac implantable electronic device procedures with sedation administered by an anaesthesia assistant, supervised by an anaesthesiologist from August 2019 to March 2020.
 
  Participants were randomised 1  1 to facemask (≥ 8 l min-1) or high flow nasal oxygen (50 l min-1 and a 50  50 oxygen to air ratio).
 
  The primary outcome was peak transcutaneous carbon dioxide. Outcomes were analysed using Bayesian statistics.
 
  The 129 participants who were randomised and received sedation were included. The difference in peak transcutaneous carbon dioxide was 0.0 kPa (95% CI -0.17 to 0.18). Minor adverse sedation events were 6.4 times more likely to occur in the high flow nasal oxygen group. This estimate is imprecise (95% CI 1.34 to 42.99). The odds ratio for oxygen desaturation for the high flow nasal oxygen group compared with the facemask group was 1.2 (95% CI 0.37 to 3.75). The difference in satisfaction with sedation scores between groups was 0.0 (95% CI -0.33 to 0.23).
 
  Ventilation, as measured by TcCO2, is highly unlikely to differ by a clinically important amount between high flow nasal oxygen at 50 l min-1 or facemask oxygen at 8 l min-1. Further research with a larger sample size would be required to determine the optimal oxygenair ratio when using high flow nasal oxygen during cardiac implantable electronic device procedures performed with sedation.
 
  NCT03858257.
 NCT03858257.
  Ultrasound-guided posterior lumbar plexus block is widely used for hip fracture surgery but it requires a change of position, which may be painful.
 
  Our primary objective was to describe a new technique, the anterior iliopsoas muscle space block, which can be performed in the supine position, and to test the hypothesis that its analgesia for hip surgery was similar to that of the traditional posterior lumbar plexus block.
 
  Randomised, double-blind study.
 
  Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, China, from February to August 2019.
 
  Forty-eight patients scheduled for unilateral hip fracture surgery were included in the study. The exclusion criteria were infection at the puncture site, history of hip surgery, pre-existing neurological deficits of the lower extremity, contraindications for regional anaesthesia, allergy to local anaesthetics, coagulopathy, abuse of medicine or alcohol, or daily consumption of analgesics.
 
  Patients were randomised to receive a lateral sacral plexus block with either an anterior ilior group 0 [-1.25 to 0], median difference 0.5 (95% CI 0 to 1). The median block onset time was longer in the anterior 11 [6 to 14.25] min than in the posterior group 6 [4.75 to 8] min (P = 0.002), median difference -5 (95% CI -7 to -1).
 
  The anterior iliopsoas muscle space block had the same effect as the posterior lumbar plexus block on peri-operative analgesia for hip surgery, but with a longer onset time.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/iwr-1-endo.html  Therefore, anterior iliopsoas muscle space block can be recommended as a routine technique for hip and lower limb procedures.
 
  http//www.chictr.org.cn identifier ChiCTR1900021214.
 http//www.chictr.org.cn identifier ChiCTR1900021214.
  Crosslinked hyaluronic acid (HA)-based soft tissue fillers possess unique viscoelastic properties intended to match specific product indications. Manufacturing has an impact on HA chain integrity and on filler properties.
 
  This study introduces 2 new rheological parameters to evaluate the macroscopic characteristics of fillers.
 
  A library of reference commercialized HA fillers was selected to cover the full spectrum of product indications. Gels were assessed in terms of size of released HA fragments as a readout of gel integrity, degree of modification, cohesivity, and rheological properties.
 
  The elastic modulus G' often used to characterize fillers was shown not to follow macroscopic mechanical properties. To improve the mechanical characterization of fillers, Strength and Stretch scores were developed and tested. The Strength score defined the ability of a filler to sustain constant viscoelasticity over a wide range of constraints and represented the filler mechanical resilience. The Stretch score measured the propensity of a filler to deform in view to improve implant adaptation to facial animation for natural-looking results.
 
  Strength and Stretch scores sorted rheological parameters to macroscopic cohesivity assays more accurately than G' and may thus help predict the gel behavior once implanted and submitted to facial dynamics.
 Strength and Stretch scores sorted rheological parameters to macroscopic cohesivity assays more accurately than G' and may thus help predict the gel behavior once implanted and submitted to facial dynamics.
  The leucocyte esterase (LE) strip test often is used to diagnose periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). In accordance with the manufacturer's directions, the LE strip test result is read 3 minutes after exposing it to joint fluid, but this has not been supported by robust research. Moreover, we have noted that the results of the LE strip test might change over time, and our previous studies have found that centrifugation causes the results of the LE strip test to degrade. Still, there is no evidence-based recommendation as to when to read the LE strip test to maximize diagnostic accuracy, in general, and the best reading times for the LE strip test before and after centrifugation need to be determined separately, in particular.
 
  (1) What is the optimal timing for reading LE strip test results before centrifugation to diagnose PJI? (2) What is the optimal timing for reading LE strip test results after centrifugation to diagnose PJI?
 
  This study was a prospective diagnostic trial. In all, 120 patients who were scheduled for revision arthroplasty and had signs of infection underwent joint aspiration in the outpatient operating room between July 2018 and July 2019 and were enrolled in this single-center study.