This simple and novel approach has the potential to ease the burden of people suffering from TMAU. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the major cause of morbidity/mortality in infancy and childhood. Using a mouse model to uncover the mechanism of CHD is essential to understand its pathogenesis. However, conventional 2D phenotyping methods cannot comprehensively exhibit and accurately distinguish various 3D cardiac malformations for the complicated structure of heart cavity. Here, a new automated tool based on microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) image data sets known as computer-assisted cardiac cavity tracking (CACCT) is presented, which can detect the connections between cardiac cavities and identify complicated cardiac malformations in mouse hearts automatically. With CACCT, researchers, even those without expert training or diagnostic experience of CHD, can identify complicated cardiac malformations in mice conveniently and precisely, including transposition of the great arteries, double-outlet right ventricle and atypical ventricular septal defect, whose accuracy is equivalent to senior fetal cardiologists. CACCT provides an effective approach to accurately identify heterogeneous cardiac malformations, which will facilitate the mechanistic studies into CHD and heart development. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated in the body and related to many pathophysiological processes. Hence, detection of ROS is indispensable in understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of many diseases.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ldn193189.html  Here, near-infrared (NIR) chemiluminescent (CL) carbon nanodots (CDs) are fabricated for the first time and their CL quantum yield can reach 9.98 × 10-3 einstein mol-1, which is the highest value ever reported for CDs until now. Nanointegration of NIR CDs and peroxalate (P-CDs) through the bridging effect of amphiphilic triblock copolymer can serve as turn-on probes for the detection and imaging of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Considering high efficiency and large penetration depth of NIR photons, the P-CDs are employed in bioimaging H2O2 in vitro and in vivo, and the detection limit can reach 5 × 10-9 m, among the best reported of CDs-based sensors. Moreover, imaging of inflammatory H2O2 in a mouse model of peritonitis is achieved by employing the P-CDs as sensors. The results may provide a clue for the diagnosis and treatment of inflammation or cancers employing CL CDs as sensors. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Polyoxometalates (POMs) are molecular metal oxide clusters that feature a broad range of structures and functionalities, making them one of the most versatile classes of inorganic molecular materials. They have attracted widespread attention in homogeneous catalysis. Due to the challenges associated with their aggregation, precipitation, and degradation under operational conditions and to extend their scope of applications, various strategies of depositing POMs on heterogeneous substrates have been developed. Recent ground-breaking developments in the materials chemistry of supported POM composites are summarized and links between molecular-level understanding of POM-support interactions and macroscopic effects including new or optimized reactivities, improved stability, and novel function are established. Current limitations and future challenges in studying these complex composite materials are highlighted, and cutting-edge experimental and theoretical methods that will lead to an improved understanding of synergisms between POM and support material from the molecular through to the nano- and micrometer level are discussed. Future development in this fast-moving field is explored and emerging fields of research in POM heterogenization are identified. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Although the energy consumption of reported neuromorphic computing devices inspired by biological systems has become lower than traditional memory, it still remains greater than bio-synapses (≈10 fJ per spike). Herein, a flexible MoS2-based heterosynapse is designed with two modulation modes, an electronic mode and a photoexcited mode. A one-step mechanical exfoliation method on flexible substrate and low-temperature atomic layer deposition process compatible with flexible electronics are developed for fabricating wearable heterosynapses. With a pre-spike of 100 ns, the synaptic device exhibits ultralow energy consumption of 18.3 aJ per spike in long-term potentiation and 28.9 aJ per spike in long-term depression. The ultrafast speed and ultralow power consumption provide a path for a neuromorphic computing system owning more excellent processing ability than the human brain. By adding optical modulation, a modulatory synapse is constructed to dynamically control correlations between pre- and post-synapses and realize complex global neuromodulations. The novel wearable heterosynapse expands the accessible range of synaptic weights (ratio of facilitation ≈228%), providing an insight into the application of wearable 2D highly efficient neuromorphic computing architectures. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Droplet-based single cell sequencing technologies, such as inDrop, Drop-seq, and 10X Genomics, are catalyzing a revolution in the understanding of biology. Barcoding beads are key components for these technologies. What is limiting today are barcoding beads that are easy to fabricate, can efficiently deliver primers into drops, and thus achieve high detection efficiency. Here, this work reports an approach to fabricate dissolvable polyacrylamide beads, by crosslinking acrylamide with disulfide bridges that can be cleaved with dithiothreitol. The beads can be rapidly dissolved in drops and release DNA barcode primers. The dissolvable beads are easy to synthesize, and the primer cost for the beads is significantly lower than that for the previous barcoding beads. Furthermore, the dissolvable beads can be loaded into drops with >95% loading efficiency of a single bead per drop and the dissolution of beads does not influence reverse transcription or the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in drops. Based on this approach, the dissolvable beads are used for single cell RNA and protein analysis.