https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ceftaroline-fosamil.html Postoperative computed tomography (CT) was performed to check screw malposition or construction failure. Of the 10 C1 pedicle screws on postoperative CT, 20% of screws (grade A) were in the ideal position while 80% of screws (grade B) occupied a safe position. Overall, 100% of screws were safe (grade A or B). There were no iatrogenic neurological deficits, VA injury. Freehand placement of the C1 pedicle screw through the direct visualization technique of the pedicle and serial dilatation technique is safe and effective without intraoperative fluoroscopy guidance. Freehand placement of the C1 pedicle screw through the direct visualization technique of the pedicle and serial dilatation technique is safe and effective without intraoperative fluoroscopy guidance. Percutaneous vertebroplasty (VP) has been used for the safe treatment of osteoporotic compression fracture. However, cement leakage is the most common complication. To reduce the leakage of bone cement, we did the gelfoam embolization during VP. The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and feasibility of different two gelfoam embolization technique during VP. Total 127 patients (146 level) who had the thoracolumbar osteoporotic compression fracture were enrolled. Group A was treated by gelfoam-only technique and, Group B was treated by gelfoam with venography technique. We compared the incidence of bone cement leakage between two groups using post-operative computed tomography scan and X-ray. Seventy-four patients (81 levels) were treated with gelfoam-only technique (A), and 53 patients (65 levels) were treated with gelfoam with venography technique (B). There were 22 leakages on group A, and 19 leakages on group B. There was no statistical significant difference between two groups (Chi-square test, -value =0.958). Incidence of leakage to spinal canal was 11 levels in Group A, 3 levels in group B, and there was statistical significant diffe