https://www.selleckchem.com/ 63; 95% CI 3.88-38.16), and side sleep position (OR = 10.17, 95% CI 3.84-33.73). CONCLUSIONS This study shows a strong correlation between eye rubbing and keratoconus, particularly when rubbing is performed with the knuckles. Additional associations were identified which may merit future investigation as risk factors, including sleep position, night-time work, and screen time.PURPOSE To evaluate the ability of deep learning (DL) models to detect obstructive meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) using in vivo laser confocal microscopy images. METHODS For this study, we included 137 images from 137 individuals with obstructive MGD (mean age, 49.9 ± 17.7 years; 44 men and 93 women) and 84 images from 84 individuals with normal meibomian glands (mean age, 53.3 ± 19.6 years; 29 men and 55 women). We constructed and trained 9 different network structures and used single and ensemble DL models and calculated the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity to compare the diagnostic abilities of the DL. RESULTS For the single DL model (the highest model; DenseNet-201), the area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity for diagnosing obstructive MGD were 0.966%, 94.2%, and 82.1%, respectively, and for the ensemble DL model (the highest ensemble model; VGG16, DenseNet-169, DenseNet-201, and InceptionV3), 0.981%, 92.1%, and 98.8%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our network combining DL and in vivo laser confocal microscopy learned to differentiate between images of healthy meibomian glands and images of obstructive MGD with a high level of accuracy that may allow for automatic obstructive MGD diagnoses in patients in the future.PURPOSE To report the first histopathological examination of an explanted KeraKlear keratoprosthesis device and surrounding host corneal tissue 1 year after transplantation. METHODS An explanted KeraKlear artificial cornea was evaluated by histopathology to assess for tissue integration and corneal remolding. RESULTS Histo