LCC18 exerts therapeutic effects on murine IgAN by differentially regulating NLRP3 inflammasome activation and autophagy induction, suggesting this new compound as a promising drug candidate to treat IgAN. © 2020 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
  The biomechanics of the cervical spine after anterior cervical discectomy with fusion (ACDF), and in particular changes in its global mobility, are phenomena that have not yet been sufficiently studied. Consequently, their effect on the eventual result of treatment is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to assess changes in global and segmental mobility of the cervical spine after ACDF.
 
  28 patients who underwent ACDF for cervical spondylosis were examined. The study was divided into two stages preoperative and postoperative. Range of motion (ROM) was analysed based on X-ray AP, lateral and functional images C1-C7, C1-C2, C2-C7, C1-C4, C4-C7, and segments adjacent to the stabilisation. The patients were divided into groups depending on the length of spondylodesis and the occurrence of adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg).
 
  A statistically significant difference was found in the total ROM of C2-C7, C1-C7 and C4-C7 after ACDF. The ROM of C2-C7 decreased by 23%, of C1-C7 by 20%, and of C4-C7 by tion decreases. The occurrence of ASDeg is associated with a higher postoperative ROM of the segment located above the spondylodesis.
  The Fluoxetine Or Control Under Supervision (FOCUS)-Poland trial tested in a Polish cohort the hypothesis that fluoxetine improves recovery after stroke.
 
  Some studies have suggested that fluoxetine may improve functional outcomes after stroke, but these results needed confirmation. Between 2012 and 2014, large clinical trials were initiated by the FOCUS Trial Collaboration. Recently, results from the UK, Sweden, Australia, New Zealand and Vietnam have been published. We here present the results of the FOCUS trial conducted in Poland.
 
  This was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study based on the FOCUS trial protocol. Patients who had a persisting neurological deficit were randomly assigned 2-15 days after stroke onset to receive for six months either fluoxetine 20 mg/day or a placebo. The primary outcome was functional status measured using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at six months after randomisation. Functional status at 12 months was also assessed, as was neurological deficit at six aitional antidepressant medication less frequently.
 Consistent with other trials based on the FOCUS protocol, fluoxetine did not improve motor recovery or general stroke outcome at six and 12 months in the Polish cohort studied. However, patients receiving fluoxetine required therapy with additional antidepressant medication less frequently.
  Transthyretin-related familial amyloid polyneuropathy (ATTR-FAP) is a rare, progressive, hereditary, highly disabling multisystem disorder. ATTR-FAP phenotypes differ according to the type of TTR mutation, geographic region and other as yet unidentified factors. The aim of this study was to establish the clinical and genetic characteristics of Polish patients.
 
  Clinical data and necessary examinations were collected from patients diagnosed with ATTR-FAP at the Department of Neurology of Medical University of Warsaw between 1970 and 2019.
 
  16 patients from eight unrelated families with five different TTR mutations were identified. The family with Val71Ala TTR mutation presented with early onset severe progressive polyneuropathy, with marked visual symptoms in a few patients. The next family with Ile73Val TTR mutation developed symptoms in middle age, and presented with mixed neuropathic and cardiologic phenotype. Four unrelated families were found to have the Phe33Leu TTR mutation with mixed neuropathic and cardiologic phenotype and late onset of symptoms. Other TTR mutations identified were Val30Met and Asp38Val, both with late onset sensory, motor and autonomic neuropathy.
 
  Polish ATTR-FAP cases presented with heterogeneity typical for non-endemic areas. Phe33Leu TTR mutation was the most common, found in four unrelated families.
 Polish ATTR-FAP cases presented with heterogeneity typical for non-endemic areas. Phe33Leu TTR mutation was the most common, found in four unrelated families.Bioprocess modeling has become a useful tool for prediction of the process future with the aim to deduce operating decisions (e.g. transfer or feeds). Due to variabilities, which often occur between and within batches, updating (re-estimation) of model parameters is required at certain time intervals (dynamic parameter estimation) to obtain reliable predictions. This can be challenging in the presence of low sampling frequencies (e.g. every 24 h), different consecutive scales and large measurement errors, as in the case of cell culture seed trains. This contribution presents an iterative learning workflow which generates and incorporates knowledge concerning cell growth during the process by using a moving horizon estimation (MHE) approach for updating of model parameters. This estimation technique is compared to a classical weighted least squares estimation (WLSE) approach in the context of model updating over three consecutive cultivation scales (40-2160 L) of an industrial cell culture seed train.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ly2606368.html  Both techniques were investigated regarding robustness concerning the aforementioned challenges and the required amount of experimental data (estimation horizon). It is shown how the proposed MHE can deal with the aforementioned difficulties by the integration of prior knowledge, even if only data at two sampling points are available, outperforming the classical WLSE approach. This workflow allows to adequately integrate current process behavior into the model and can therefore be a suitable component of a digital twin.Mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is a secreted gel-forming mucin expressed by several epithelia. In the colon, MUC5AC is expressed in scattered normal epithelial cells but can be abundant in colorectal cancers. To clarify the relationship of MUC5AC expression with parameters of tumor aggressiveness and mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) in colorectal cancer, a tissue microarray containing 1812 colorectal cancers was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. MUC5AC expression was found in 261 (15.7%) of 1,667 analyzable colorectal cancers. MUC5AC expression strongly depended on the tumor location and gradually decreased from proximal (27.4% of cecum cancers) to distal (10.6% of rectal cancers; p  less then  0.0001). MUC5AC expression was also strongly linked to dMMR. dMMR was found in 21.3% of 169 cancers with MUC5AC positivity but in only 4.6% of 1051 cancers without detectable MUC5AC expression (p  less then  0.0001). A multivariate analysis showed that dMMR status and tumor localization predicted MUC5AC expression independently (p  less then  0.