Temperature on admission (OR=1.255, [95%CI 1.021-1.547], p =0.032), ventilation (OR=1.926, [95%CI 1.148-3.269], p =0.014) and ICU admission (OR=3.713, [95%CI 1.776-8.277], p <0.001) were significantly associated with corticosteroids use. After PS matching, the cox regression survival analysis showed that corticosteroid use was significantly associated with a lower mortality rate (HR=0.592, [95%CI 0.406-0.862], p =0.006).
 
  Corticosteroid therapy use in severe and critical patients with COVID-19 pneumonia leads to lower mortality but may cause other side effects. Corticosteroid therapy should be used carefully.
 Corticosteroid therapy use in severe and critical patients with COVID-19 pneumonia leads to lower mortality but may cause other side effects. Corticosteroid therapy should be used carefully.Introduction The aim of insulin replacement in insulin-deficient people (type 1 diabetes, pancreatic causes of diabetes, long-standing type 2 diabetes) is to approximate the physiologic insulin action profile as closely as possible. However, short-acting human insulins start too slow and act too long, causing postprandial hyperglycemia and delayed hypoglycemia, while the insulin action profile of long-acting human insulins is too variable in duration and strength of action, leading to insufficient basal insulin covering and peak insulin levels after injection causing early nocturnal hypoglycemia. Insulin analogues were designed to overcome these shortcomings. In insulin-resistant people (type 2 diabetes), insulin analogues contribute to more efficient and safer insulin supplementation. Areas covered In this review, we describe the unmet needs for insulin therapy, the currently available short- and long-acting insulin analogues and some considerations on cardiovascular outcomes, use in special populations, and cost-effectiveness. Finally, we discuss what is new in the field of insulin analogues. Expert opinion The development of insulin analogues is an important step in diabetes treatment. Despite many patients meeting their glycemic targets with the newest analogues, hypoglycemic episodes remain a major problem. More physiologic insulin regimens, with glucose-sensitive or organ-targeting insulin analogues may be the answer to these issues.Introduction Eculizumab, which is indicated to treat patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), is proven to decrease intravascular hemolysis and thrombosis and improve survival. Ravulizumab is a long-acting, second-generation complement component 5 (C5) inhibitor designed to alleviate the burden of the eculizumab treatment schedule and reduce the frequency of breakthrough hemolysis. As the clinical benefits of these treatments have been emphasized, their safety also should be considered. Areas covered This article reviews safety data for the current approved PNH treatments from published articles about eculizumab and ravulizumab in patients with PNH. Special settings (pregnancy, pediatrics, long-term safety of continued eculizumab treatment, and extravascular hemolysis) are also discussed. Expert opinion In phase 3 trials, eculizumab and ravulizumab were found to be safe and well tolerated. In addition, 10 years of experience with eculizumab provided evidence that mitigates initial concerns about infectious events. However, to minimize meningococcal infections, vaccination and close monitoring remain essential. Because extravascular hemolysis limits eculizumab efficacy in some patients, continued investigation of proximal complement inhibitors is warranted to obviate this mechanism. Long-term safety data for ravulizumab treatment are needed.Objectives This study was conducted to assess the reporting quality of health economic evaluation studies using Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) statement along with an analysis of their trend in India. Methods Following ethical review exemption, PubMed and Google scholar were searched for Indian studies published in 5 years (2014-2019). Keywords used were cost-effectiveness, cost-benefit, cost-utility, and cost-minimization analysis, economic evaluation, and India. CHEERS statement was used to assess the reporting quality and trend was studied using variables like a published year, type of analysis, therapy area, intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/LAQ824(NVP-LAQ824).html  Results Of the 39 studies analyzed, 17 scored less than 18 (represents 75% compliance) with a minimum score of 9 and a maximum of 23. The reporting quality was deficient with respect to heterogeneity characterization (25 studies), discount rate (18 studies), model choice, and assumptions (18 studies). Cost - effectiveness was the most common PE analysis (27 studies). The most commonly studied therapy area was infectious disorders (10) followed by oncology (5), and the commonest intervention was drugs (22). Conclusion Inadequacy in reporting quality of health economic evaluation studies is evident. The trend revealed cost-effectiveness to be the most commonly performed type of analysis. Expert Opinion Health economic evaluation research has gained considerable importance in healthcare decision making. Reporting quality is critical to enable efficient interpretation of health economic evaluation research. These studies have many elements, each of which have a significant impact on the conduct and outcome of the study. Hence, it is advisable to refer to any of the available guidelines [eg. CHEERS checklist] while preparing the manuscript so as to ensure all crucial elements of the study have been reported.Objectives CD43 can be useful in routine flow cytometry. We conducted a systematic review aiming to describe when CD43 is used by flow cytometry in malignant hematology and to determine its value in these settings. Methods Systematic review of MEDLINE (search 'CD43' AND 'flow cytometry,' starting in 2010). Results Twenty-one of 103 entries retrieved were included in this systematic review. CD43 is used in three settings 1) in the classification of mature B cell lymphoproliferative disorders, 2) as part of a strategy to quantify residual disease in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and 3) to help classify CD10-positive B cell populations. In this section, the published data is summarized, the clinical usefulness in each of these settings is evaluated and illustrative cases are shown. Conclusion CD43 has a growing role in the diagnosis and management of B cell malignancies; it has become essential for the classification of B cell lymphoproliferative disorders and may be of help in the differential diagnosis of CD10-positive lymphomas by FC.