https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Nicotinamide(Niacinamide).html Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are multifactorial, chronic, disabling, and progressive diseases characterised by cyclical nature, alternating between active and quiescent states. While the aetiology of IBD is not fully understood, this complex of diseases involve a combination of factors including the genetic predisposition and changes in microbiome as well as environmental risk factors such as highfat and low-fibre diets, reduced physical activity, air pollution and exposure to various toxins and drugs such as antibiotics. The prevalence of both IBD and obesity is increasing in parallel, undoubtedly proving the existing interactions between these risk factors common to both disorders to unravel poorly recognized cell signaling and molecular alterations leading to human IBD. Therefore there is still a significant and unmet need for supportive and adjunctive therapy for IBD patients directed against the negative consequences of visceral obesity and bacterial Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Inflammation is a devastating outcome of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), namely stroke and atherosclerosis. Numerous studies over the decade have shown that inflammasomes play a role in mediating inflammatory reactions post cellular injury occurring after stroke or a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque. In view of this, targeting these inflammatory pathways using different pharmacological therapies may improve outcomes in patients with CVD. Here we review the mechanisms by which inflammasomes drive the pathogenesis of stroke and atherosclerosis. Also discussed here are the possible treatment strategies available for inhibiting inflammasomes or their up-stream/down-stream mediators. Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.Pathologies of the atria