The synthesized CMC from stem and peel cellulose of banana had different degree of substitution (DS) values due to variate concentration of NaOH in alkalization. CONCLUSON Alkalization on CMC synthesis affects the DS value of synthesized CMC. The increase DS value is proportional to the rise in NaOH concentration even though there is a boundary concentration to obtain the optimum DS value. Copyright © 2019 Sri Yuliasmi, Nahitma Ginting, Henny Sri Wahyuni, Ruth Theresia Sigalingging, Theophani Sibarani.BACKGROUND Turmeric extract is less effective because the main ingredient of curcumin has a low solubility. Therefore, it is necessary to convert turmeric extract into a solid dispersion form to increase the dissolution of curcumin. AIM To determine the antibacterial activity of mucoadhesive gastroretentive drug delivery system of alginate beads containing solid dispersion of turmeric extract.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/azd5153-6-hydroxy-2-naphthoic-acid.html  METHODS Turmeric powder was macerated with 96% ethanol for 8 days. The macerate was evaporated with a rotary evaporator at 50°C to obtain concentrated extract. Solid dispersion of turmeric extract was prepared by solvent method by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) K30 with a ratio of 1 1 and 1 2. The solid dispersion of turmeric extract was encapsulated with alginate gel by gelation method. The antibacterial of alginate beads containing solid dispersion of turmeric extract was tested by using hole agar plate diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as bacterial models. RESULTS The size of alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion was about 1.3 mm. Antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli showed that alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion gave stronger antibacterial activity than those containing turmeric extract without solid dispersion. The antibacterial activity of alginate beads turmeric extract-PVP (1 2) solid dispersion was stronger than those containing turmeric-extract (1 1) solid dispersion. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that alginate beads containing turmeric extract-PVP solid dispersion gives the stronger antibacterial activity than those containing turmeric extract without solid dispersion. Copyright © 2019 Hakim Bangun, Anayanti Arianto, Yuni Sari Bangun, Marline Nainggolan.AIM Free radicals produce from metabolism or enviromental which interact continously with biological system. Picria fel-terrae Lour. herbs have been used as antioxidant and treat various diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate cytoprotective activity of ethylacetate fraction (EAF) of Picria fel-terrae Lour. herbs. METHODS Cytoprotective activity were determined by MTT asay and flow cytometry assay on Vero cells which induced with H2O2 0.8 mM. RESULTS EAF at 100 µg/mL were showed highest viability (88.83 ± 2.90%) and ROS expression (66.75%) on Vero cells. CONCLUSION EAF of Picria fel-terrae Lour. herbs have cytoprotective activity. Copyright © 2019 Denny Satria, Jansen Silalahi, Ginda Haro, Syafruddin Ilyas, Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan.AIM This study was to determine the sensitivity of Klebsiella pneumonia isolated from pus specimens of post-surgery patients in Medan, Indonesia to selected antibiotics. METHODS Samples were collected at the Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia. The isolated bacteria were identified by Gram's stain, colony characteristics, and biochemical tests. Susceptibility of K. pneumoniae isolates were tested to selected antibiotics including amikacin, meropenem, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefuroxime, cefepime, cefotaxime, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, amoxicillin and ampicillin with Kirby Bauer method by measuring the inhibitory zone. RESULTS A total of 20 K. pneumoniae isolates were obtained in this study. The results showed that K. Pneumonia isolates exhibited good sensitivity to amikacin (100%) and meropenem (80%). Sensitivity of levofloxacin (60%), ceftazidime (55%), ciprofloxacin (55%), cefoperazone (50%), and co-trimoxazole (50%) were moderate for the bacterial isolates. K. Pneumoniae isolates indicated low sensitivity to cefuroxime (45%), chloramphenicol (35%), cefepime (30%), cefotaxime (30%), tetracycline (30%), amoxicillin (5%), and ampicillin (5%). CONCLUSION This study concludes that K. pneumoniae isolates are most sensitive to amikacin and less sensitive to ampicillin and amoxicillin. Copyright © 2019 Popi Patilaya, Dadang Irfan Husori, Lany Marhafanny.BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remains as a global public health problem, including Indonesia due to its continuous increasing prevalence. AIM To analyze the impact of pharmacist intervention on drug-related problems (DRPs) occurred in the management of patients with T2DM admitted to Tebing Tinggi Hospital (TTH), Indonesia, period March through August 2018. METHODS This six-month retrospective prospective cohort study evaluated the impact of pharmacist intervention on the occurrence of DRPs in the management of patients with T2DM (n = 45) insured by Social Security Organizing Body in TTH, North Sumatera, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria were T2DM patients with age ≥ 18 years and under treatment of antidiabetic drugs. A questionnaire was used to assess the characteristics of the patients and antidiabetic drugs provided. The incidence of DRPs in groups with usual care for the previous three-month and with pharmacist interventions for the next three-month admissions were analyzed using Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) DRP classification system version 8.01 that consists of 3 primary domains for problems, 8 primary domains for causes, and 5 primary domains (PCNE, 2017) and trustable literatures. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t test in the program of Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 19 (p less then 0.05 was considered significant). RESULTS Most (66.7%) of the patients were female. Their mean age was 61.96 ± 6.45 (years). The three most widely provided drugs were metformin, glimepirid, and gliclazide. Total incidence of DRPs in groups with usual care, 128; intervention, 39. There was a significant difference between the incidence of DRPs in groups with usual care and intervention, p ≤ 0.001. CONCLUSION Pharmacist intervention reduced the incidence of DRPs in the management of T2DM patients. Copyright © 2019 Azizah Nasution, Aminah Dalimunthe, Khairunnisa Khairunnisa.