In summary, the PTX/RES co-delivery system might be a promising strategy for combined anticancer therapy to overcome tumor drug resistance. An enzyme-free dual catalytic DNA circuit for amplified detection of nucleic acids has been developed. The system functions based on a cyclic self-assembly of two auxiliary hairpins (H1 and H2) and three biotinylated hairpin oligonucleotides (H3, H4 and H5), in the format of two molecular circuits. In the upstream circuit, a target initiator (I) besides H1 and H2 hairpins constructs H1-H2 duplexes that trigger the operation of a subsequent circuit. In the downstream circuit, the H1-H2 duplex initiates cascaded self-assembly reactions, produces triplex H3-H4-H5, as sensing system, and releases the H1-H2 duplex as the catalyst for the self-assembly of additional hairpins. The H3-H4-H5 triplex acts as the scaffolds for assembling and orienting the streptavidin-functionalized gold nanoparticles (SA-AuNPs) into a lattice-like arrangement that generates a DNA-SA-AuNP cross-linked network, resulting in a dramatic pale red-to-blue color change. By ingeniously engaging two catalytic circuits with feedback amplification capabilities, the system can detect the target nucleic acid with an LOD value of 5 femtomolar and unambiguously discriminate spurious targets (i.e. targets containing substitution, insertion, and deletion nucleotides) without instrumentation. Simple and convenient operation of the assay makes the DNA circuit appropriate for point-of-care monitoring in resource-constrained settings. V.ε-Polylysine (EPL) is a food-grade antimicrobial peptide that forms complexes with proteins. Such complexes are potential carriers for targeted delivery of agents. To elucidate the formation of such complexes, the pH-induced phase transition of EPL and sodium caseinate (SC) complexes were characterized in terms of ionic strengths (I) and EPL/SC weight ratios (r). Electrostatic nanocomplexes (e.g. r = 2-3, I = 2 mM) were formed near the isoelectric point of SC using turbidimetry, dynamic light scattering, and ζ-potential measurements. Phase analyses revealed that the formation of nanocomplexes primarily depends on the I, and saturated binding was recorded above r = 2-2. Electrostatic potential modelling of EPL was employed to describe the interaction affinity. A three-dimensional phase boundary curve was established which divided the complexation into a nano-scale and phase separation. Atomic force microscopy images confirmed that nanocomplexes were spherical particles with uniform shapes. Morphologic examination using optical and scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the nanocomplexes formed "sponge-like" precipitates at larger length scales. This work reveals the possible mechanism that drives the complexation of sodium caseinate and ε-Poly-l-lysine. This is expected to guide the construction of tailor-made protein complexes in industrial applications. Lysozyme amyloid fibrils, the misfolding structures generated from natural state of lysozyme, are found to be related with non-neuropathic systemic amyloidosis. Therefore, inhibiting the formation of amyloid and disaggregating amyloid fibers are both effective strategies. Herein, we present a combination of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), imprinting technology and magnetic nanoparticles to obtain a kind of promising nanomaterials (MINs@EGCG) for amyloid inhibition, drug carrier and facile separation triple functions. We declared the efficacy of MINs@EGCG from two perspectives. For inhibition, Circular dichroism (CD) spectrum illustrated that the miss transition from α-helix structure to β-sheet could be blocked by MINs@EGCG, and the inhibition efficiency was higher than 80%. These results were further verified by Thioflavin T (ThT) analysis. For disaggregation and cleansing, the helical and highly periodic structure of amyloid fibrils could be converted into their counterparts by MINs@EGCG. Furthermore, with the aid of external magnetic field, the cleansing efficiency of counterparts-MINs@EGCG complex was up to 80%. Most importantly, bio-related experiments showed superior biocompatibility and anti-amyloid fibrils toxicity of MINs@EGCG, indicating the great potential of our system to work as an effective amyloidosis therapy platform. V.Spiders can spin seven different types of silk, some of which are well characterized, but studies on natural and synthetic pyriform silks are few. In this study, recombinant spidroins composed of one to three pyriform repeat units from Araneus ventricosus, in some cases flanked with non-repetitive N- and C-terminal domains (NT and CT), were produced and spun into continuous silk fibers using a wet-spinning process in organic solvents. All the fibers showed high and similar tensile strain (60-80%), but the Young's modulus, stress and toughness of fibers increased with increasing number of repeat units and in the presence of NT and CT as well. Systematic studies of the secondary structure contents of the different spinning dopes and spun fibers revealed no major differences between the different types of recombinant spidroins. This suggests that optimal tensile properties of artificial spider silks require the presence of several repetitive units as well as terminal domains and that secondary structure content of silk dope and fibers have limited correlation with mechanical behaviors. A glucose rich heteroglycan named HAW1-2 was isolated and purified from fruit of Crataegus pinnatifida by hot-water extraction, ethanol precipitation, DEAE-cellulose anion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. HAW1-2 was proved as a homogenous polysaccharide with a molecular weight (Mw) of 8.94 kDa. Monosaccharide composition results indicated that HAW1-2 was composed of arabinose, galactose and glucose. Methylation analysis and NMR spectrum showed that HAW1-2 contained →4)-β-d-Glcp-(1→, →4)-β-d-Galp-(1→, α-L-Araf-(1→, →5)-α-L-Araf-(1→, β-d-Glcp-(1→ and →4,6)-β-d-Glcp-(1→.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/3-deazaneplanocin-a-dznep.html  Bioactivity test showed that HAW1-2 could significantly promote the growth of Bacteroides thetaiotamicron (BT), Bacteroides ovatus (BO) and Bifidobacterium longum (BL), which showed competition with the Bacteroides spp. under co-culture. Interestingly, Bacteroides spp. generated more acetic acids and propionic acids while BL only generated acetic acids. These results imply that polysaccharide HAW1-2 may be useful for human by modulating intestinal bacteria and producing short chain fatty acids.