https://www.selleckchem.com/products/apd334.html This article characterizes 2 cases of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) that did not respond to immunotherapy and were diagnosed by biopsy as primary central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. Diffuse H3 K27M-mutant glioma is a recently described entity with very few cases of isolated spinal disease described in adults. Primitive neuroectodermal tumor is similarly uncommon in the spinal cord. Malignancies should be considered in patients who fail to improve with immunomodulatory therapy. We believe the experiences of our center will raise awareness about that point, broaden the existing understanding of the diagnostic approach to LETM, and highlight the need for additional studies.Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic state caused by autoantibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4)-heparin complexes. Although HIT typically presents 5-10 days after the initiation of heparin, thrombosis and thrombocytopenia may occur up to several weeks following heparin withdrawal, so-called delayed-onset HIT. Although rare, there have been isolated reports of HIT-induced cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST), which carry high rates of morbidity and mortality. There is a need to further characterize the etiology, clinical presentation, treatment paradigms, and outcomes of patients with HIT-induced CVST. Here, we present the case of a 57-year old female who presented to the emergency department with a headache and seizure 11 days following a right total knee arthroplasty for which she received 3 post-operative doses of enoxaparin. Work-up demonstrated acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), CVST, and thrombocytopenia. Intravenous heparin resulted in rapidly deteriorating platelet count and subsequent serologic testing confirmed the diagnosis of HIT. Treatment with bivalirudin was initiated, the HIT resolved, and the patient was discharged home on hospital day 19 with long-term anticoagulation mediated