Future interventions should consider these factors in order to reduce percentage of brand-name drugs filled and decrease health care expenditures.BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men and women. The presence of systemic disease, with metastatic spread to distant sites such as the liver, considerably reduces the survival rate in CRC. Cancer stem cells contribute to the metastatic potential of CRC. However, the mechanism underlying metastasis in CRC remains unclear. Thus, this study aimed to examine the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in CRC stem cells in cases of liver metastases and assess their correlation with clinicopathological features. METHODS miRNAs showing high expression in liver metastases and primary lesions were selected through data mining of gene expression omnibus datasets, and miRNAs characteristic of stem cells were selected through COREMINE medical text mining. Subsequently, paired formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples of primary CRC and liver metastasis from 30 patients were examined for the expression of miRNAs common to these lists (hsa-miR-20a, hsa-miR-26b, hsa-mi CRC. However, additional studies are warranted to validate these findings.INTRODUCTION We report here the case of a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the chronic phase who was diagnosed 1 year after receiving a diagnosis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). The objective was to assess if the CML patient progressed from AIHA and explore the underlying factors of the poor outcome after the achievement of molecular complete remission (MCR). PATIENT CONCERNS A patient with AIHA underwent splenectomy because of poor response to immune inhibitors. The spleen biopsy showed reactive hyperplasia. DIAGNOSIS The patient was diagnosed with CML because of over-expression of the BCR-ABL (P210) gene in the bone marrow (BM), 1 year after receiving the diagnosis of AIHA. INTERVENTIONS The splenectomy was performed as the patient was unresponsive to the standard treatments consisting of immunoglobulin and dexamethasone. The removed spleen was sent for pathological examination. After she was diagnosed with CML, she received imatinib treatment. OUTCOMES The spleen biopsy confirmed the translocation of 22q11/9q34. No BCR-ABL kinase domain mutation was detected and there was no expression of the WT1 or EVI1 genes. After splenectomy, the number of peripheral white blood cells was consistently higher than normal during the total therapy time for CML even though she showed MCR. Two years after CML was diagnosed, the patient died from severe infection. The BM gene array analysis displayed 3 types of chromosomal abnormalities gain (14q32.33), uniparental disomy (UPD) Xp11.22-p11.1), and UPD Xp11.1-q13.1. LESSONS AIHA may be a clinical phase of CML progression in this patient. Both splenectomy and prolonged oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors may have contributed to the high risk of infection and her subsequent death. In addition, the gain of chromosome 14q32.33 may be related to her poor outcome.Despite the development of vaccines in 2006, rotavirus is still a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. This study was performed to analyze the presence of circulating rotaviruses before and after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines to allow phylogenetic comparisons of vaccine strains in northern Taiwan.Rotavirus genotyping and sequencing of rotavirus VP7 and VP4 PCR products were performed by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction and DNA autosequencing. Phylogenies were constructed by the neighbor-joining and maximum-likelihood methods using CLUSTAL W software included in the MEGA software package (version 6.0).Between April 2004 and December 2012, a total of 101 rotavirus specimens from pediatric patients with acute gastroenteritis hospitalized in Chang Gung Children's Hospital were amplified, and their VP4 and VP7 sequences were determined. These 101 specimens consisted of 55 pre-vaccine strains (G1 [13, 23.6%], G2 [12, 21.8%], G3 [16, 29.1%], and G9 [14, 25.5%]) and 46 post-vaccine strains (G1 [25, 54.3%], G2 [12, 26.1%], G3 [5, 10.9%], and G9 [4, 8.7%]). The most common combination of the G and P types was G2P[4], accounting for 36% cases, followed by G9P[8] (25%), G1P[8] (20%), G3P[4] (15%), G3P[8] (10%), G1P[4] (5%), and G2P[8] (5%). Phylogenetic analysis showed that only the G1 and P[8] genotypes clustered in the same lineages with the rotavirus vaccine strains.Based on our results, the inclusion of G9, modified G2 and G3 with target lineages, and the combination G2P[4] and G9P[8] in the rotavirus vaccines in Taiwan is warranted as a vaccination strategy.Stroke is a serious disease that can lead to disability and death in adults, and the prediction of functional outcome is important in the management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/PP242.html  Blood biomarker is a promising technique, for the measurement is fast, cheap and convenient. Visinin-like protein-1 (VILIP-1) is a classic stroke biomarker, thus we tried to investigate the predictive value of VILIP-1 for early functional outcomes of AIS.A total of 70 AIS patients were enrolled in our study. Venous blood samples of all patients were taken at day 3 after admission to the stroke unit, and levels of serum VILIP-1 were analyzed by the use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. All subjects underwent diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) of the brain MRI scanning at 72 hours after stroke onset, and infarct volumes were calculated. Initial neurological status was evaluated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on admission. The short-term functional outcome was graded by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge from the hospital. Baseline data between the favorable outcome group and poor outcome group were compared, and univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to identify risk factors of early functional outcome of AIS.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed age, initial NIHSS scores and levels of VILIP had a strong association with poor clinical outcomes.Levels of serum VILIP-1 are associated with short-term functional outcomes in patients with AIS.