https://www.selleckchem.com/products/shin1-rz-2994.html This work investigated the crystallization and melting behavior of cocoa butter substitute (CBS) blended with two hard lauric fats fully hydrogenated palm kernel oil (FHPKO) and krabok seed fat (KSF). The aim was to find a way to increase the heat resistance of CBS for the production of heat-resistant compound chocolate (HRCC). Adding FHPKO to CBS increased the crystallization rate with a decrease in crystallization induction time but did not increase the heat resistance. In contrast, all KSF-CBS blends exhibited higher heat resistance than CBS and crystallized into β' form, a preferred polymorph for fats used in compound chocolate. Only the blends with 10-60% KSF melted completely at the body temperature, indicating that they would leave no waxy mouthfeel, but the blends with 30 and 40% KSF exhibited a significant decrease in the crystallization rate compared to the original CBS. Therefore, the KSF-CBS blends with 10, 20 and 60% KSF are recommended for future use as fats for HRCC production.In the standard model of elementary particle physics neutrinos are massless, and therefore the actuality of finite neutrino mass indicates a theory beyond the standard model. The Sun produces abundant neutrinos due to nuclear fusion reactions. A pioneering experiment in the early '70s detected neutrinos from the Sun, but found that the observed flux was smaller than expected, which was then called the missing solar neutrino problem. Tremendous efforts were made both experimentally and theoretically to solve this problem. In 2001, almost 30 years after the first indication, data from Super-Kamiokande in Japan and SNO in Canada together provided evidence that neutrino oscillation effectively converts the solar (electron) neutrinos to non-electron type neutrinos. Neutrino oscillation can occur only for those neutrinos with finite neutrino mass.Thalidomide, originally developed as a sedative drug, causes multiple defects due to