ed acquisitions. 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY 1. 3 TECHNICAL EFFICACY 1.The emergence of imazalil (IMZ) resistance in Penicillium digitatum has become a great threat for controlling citrus green mold. In this paper, we investigated the antifungal efficiency and mechanism of an alkaloid antofine against an IMZ-resistant P. digitatum strain Pdw03. Results showed that antofine exhibited a strong antifungal activity against the mycelial growth of strain Pdw03, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 1.56 × 10-3 and 1.25 × 10-2 g/L, respectively. In vivo application of antofine effectively delayed the disease progress and reduced the incidence of green mold in citrus fruit. The disease incidence of 10 × MFC antofine-treated fruit after 6 days of storage was only 11% ± 4%, which was significantly lower than that of the control (100% ± 0%). Antofine treatment altered mycelial morphology of strain Pdw03 without affecting the cell wall integrity. Although the ergosterol contents remained stable, a decrease in the total lipid content stant P. digitatum strain Pdw03 and significantly decreased green mold incidence in the affected citrus fruits. Antofine induced membrane lipid peroxidation of Pdw03 mycelia, resulting in damage to the cell membrane and impairment of energy metabolism. Antofine is therefore a potential antifungal agent for the control of green mold, which provide theoretical guidance for the food industry. To describe the occurrence of potential statin misuse, its characteristics and associated factors in older people. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Alsace and Lorraine (France) using French health insurance databases. Study population comprised community-dwelling patients and nursing homes residents aged 80 and over, who received at least one statin prescription between January 1, 2017 to April 30, 2017 (N= 38 268). Potential statin misuse was identified considering off-label uses, high-intensity doses, drug contraindications and statin-drug interactions. At least one potential statin misuse was detected for 19 468 patients (50.9%). Off-label prescription was the most frequent misuse observed (53.6%), followed by high-intensity statin dose (30.5%). Polypharmacy (five to nine drugs) and excessive polypharmacy (10 or more drugs) were the main risk factors associated with potential statin misuse (adjusted OR=2.6 and 4.7 respectively). Nursing home, multi-morbidity and the presence of multiple prescriptions from different doctors for the same patient were other risk factors significantly associated. Two sensitivity analyzes (reconsiderations of off-label and high statin dose definitions) revealed the same statistical trend. Potential statin misuse is frequent in people aged 80 and over. These findings should serve as a warning to health care professionals and hopefully will contribute to ensure an appropriate and safe use of statin in aged population. Potential statin misuse is frequent in people aged 80 and over. These findings should serve as a warning to health care professionals and hopefully will contribute to ensure an appropriate and safe use of statin in aged population. To denoise B 1 + phase using a deep learning method for phase-based in vivo electrical conductivity reconstruction in a 3T MR system. For B 1 + phase deep-learning denoising, a convolutional neural network (U-net) was chosen. Training was performed on data sets from 10 healthy volunteers. Input data were the real and imaginary components of single averaged spin-echo data (SNR = 45), which was used to approximate the B 1 + phase. For label data, multiple signal-averaged spin-echo data (SNR = 128) were used. Testing was performed on in silico and in vivo data. Reconstructed conductivity maps were derived using phase-based conductivity reconstructions. Additionally, we investigated the usability of the network to various SNR levels, imaging contrasts, and anatomical sites (ie, T , T , and proton density-weighted brain images and proton density-weighted breaan be used as an alternative preprocessing method to denoise B 1 + maps for phase-based conductivity reconstruction without relying on image filters or signal averaging.Gliflozins and gliptins represent two different pharmacological drug classes that exert different and potentially complementary glucose-lowering effect in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. A novel, selective, and sensitive HPLC method was developed for the determination of canagliflozin, empaglifozin, linagliptin, and metformin in pure form, in laboratory prepared mixtures, and in pharmaceutical dosage form. Experimental design optimization was applied by using Plackett-Burman and face-centered composite designs to achieve the best resolution with minimum experimental trials. Three significant variables affecting optimization, namely buffer pH, percentage of methanol, and percentage of acetonitrile, were studied. Chromatographic separation was achieved using an Agilent Eclipse C8 column, and column temperature was kept at 45°C. The mobile phase was composed of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate buffer (0.05 M, adjusted to pH 6 using o-phosphoric acid)acetonitrilemethanol (502525, v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. Sharp and well-resolved peaks of the cited drugs were obtained. The method was fully validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision, selectivity and robustness in agreement with the International Council of Harmonization (ICH) guidelines Q2 (R1). Satisfactory results were obtained by the analysis of tablets through applying the developed method. Therefore, it could be performed for the analysis of the cited drugs in quality control laboratories.Apoptosis, as one kind of innate immune system, is involved in host response against pathogens innovation. Caspases play a vital role in the execution stage of host cell apoptosis. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/lificiguat-yc-1.html It has been reported that Bmcaspase-1 (Bmcas-1) has a close relationship with Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) infection for its differentially expressed patterns after viral infection. However, its underlying response mechanism is still unclear. The significant differential expression of Bmcas-1 in different tissues of differentially resistant strains revealed its vital role in BmNPV infection. To further validate its role in BmNPV infection, budded virus (BV)-eGFP was analyzed after knockdown and overexpression of Bmcas-1 by small interfering RNA and the pIZT-mCherry vector, respectively. The reproduction of BV-eGFP obviously increased at 72 h after knockdown of Bmcas-1, and decreased after overexpression in BmN cells. Moreover, the conserved functional domain of Cas-1 among different species and the closed evolutionary relationship of Cas-1 in Lepidoptera hinted that Bmcas-1 might be associated with apoptosis, and this was also validated by the apoptosis inducer, Silvestrol, and the inhibitor, Z-DEVD-FMK.