https://www.selleckchem.com/products/salvianolic-acid-b.html Patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) with long-term nucleos(t)ide therapy may experience renal insufficiency. Traditional renal function indicators, such as urine protein, serum urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine, are normal when early mild lesions occur. Therefore, more sensitive renal function indicators are needed. To investigate the significance of early renal injury indicators in evaluating renal injury in patients with CHB with long-term nucleos(t)ide therapy. We collected the clinical data of 69 outpatients with CHB at Peking University First Hospital from March 2018 to January 2020 who had been treated with long-term nucleos(t)ide therapy and analyzed the results of early renal injury indicators. Continuous normal distribution data were analyzed by the -test to determine the difference between two groups. Continuous non-normally distributed data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U-test between two groups. The Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to determine the differences among multiple ive and could be used to monitor early renal impairment. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been advocated by digestive endoscopists because of its comparable therapeutic effect to surgery, reduced trauma, faster recovery, and fewer complications. However, ESD for lesions of the duodenum is more challenging than those occurring at other levels of the gastrointestinal tract due to the thin intestinal wall of the duodenum, narrow intestinal space, rich peripheral blood flow, proximity to vital organs, and high risks of critical adverse events including intraoperative and delayed bleeding and perforation. Because of the low prevalence of the disease and the high risks of severe adverse events, successful ESD for lesions of the duodenum has rarely been reported in recent years. To investigate the efficacy and safety of ESD in the treatment of duodenal space-occupying lesions. Clinical data of 24 cases of d