Bayesian hierarchical regression (BHR) is often used in small area estimation (SAE). BHR conditions on the samples. Therefore, when data are from a complex sample survey, neither survey sampling design nor survey weights are used. This can introduce bias and/or cause large variance. Further, if non-informative priors are used, BHR often requires the combination of multiple years of data to produce sample sizes that yield adequate precision; this can result in poor timeliness and can obscure trends. To address bias and variance, we propose a design assisted model-based approach for SAE by integrating adjusted sample weights. To address timeliness, we use historical data to define informative priors (power prior); this allows estimates to be derived from a single year of data. Using American Community Survey data for validation, we applied the proposed method to Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data. We estimated the prevalence of disability for all U.S. counties. We show that our method can produce estimates that are both more timely than those arising from widely-used alternatives and are closer to ACS' direct estimates, particularly for low-data counties. Our method can be generalized to estimate the county-level prevalence of other health related measurements.Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common primary thyroid cancer. Most frequently treated with surgical resection, some cases require radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy. Studies have suggested that there is an increase in second primary malignancy after RAI therapy amongst thyroid cancer survivors including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) as an infrequent cancer related to RAI therapy; it has a higher relative risk ratio in patients on higher doses of radiation exposure. We would like to report a 30-year-old lady who was diagnosed with papillary thyroid carcinoma.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/sn-38.html  She underwent total thyroidectomy and received a low-dose RAI I therapy at a dose of 150 mCi, after which she developed therapy-related AML. Here we would like to highlight the association of AML with low-dose RAI as an infrequent cause of a second primary tumor compared to high doses. Copyright © 2020 by S. Karger AG, Basel.INTRODUCTION Detrimental effects of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure are well established; however, data on SHS exposure among adolescents in Kuwait are lacking. Hence, this study sought to estimate the prevalence of household SHS exposure among two samples of adolescents in Kuwait and assess its variation by socioeconomic status and parental education level. METHODS Data from two large school-based cross-sectional studies were analyzed. Adolescents attending public middle (n=3864; aged 11-14 years) and high (n=1959; aged 14-19 years) schools throughout Kuwait were enrolled in 2016-2017, and parental self-reported household SHS exposure was ascertained. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. RESULTS Overall, 45.8% (1755/3836; 95% CI 44.2-47.3%) of the enrolled middle school students and 51.6% (998/1936; 95% CI 49.3-53.8%) of the enrolled high school students were exposed to houess of the impact of SHS exposure on children. © 2020 Ziyab A.H. et al.INTRODUCTION Little is known about the relationship between smoking and clinical outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MT). The outcomes could depend on different stroke subtypes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether smoking affected differently the outcomes in patients with different stroke subtypes who received MT. METHODS AIS patients who underwent MT were prospectively enrolled from three hospitals between January 2014 and December 2018. Smokers were defined as current users of cigarettes. The stroke subtypes were classified according to TOAST criteria. Outcome measurements included treatment effects, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and functional outcomes at 3 months. The effects of smoking on outcomes were assessed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS A total of 128 AIS patients with MT were enrolled, including 64 smokers and 64 non-smokers. Logistic regression analysis indicated that smoking was related to higher risk of In-hospital ICH (OR=4.31; 95% CI 1.10-16.96; p=0.036) in patients with cardioembolism subtype. Furthermore, smoking was also associated with lower rates of mild stroke at discharge (OR=0.07; 95% CI 0.02-0.31; p less then 0.001) and functional independence (OR=0.13; 95% CI 0.03-0.56; p=0.006) in patients with cardioembolism subtype. CONCLUSIONS In AIS patients undergoing MT, smoking could be related to a higher risk of In-hospital ICH and lower rates of mild stroke at discharge and functional independence if their stroke subtype is cardioembolism. © 2020 Zhao Z. et al.INTRODUCTION Cigarette smoking is the most important risk factor for Crohn's disease (CD). The effectiveness of smoking cessation programs (SCPs) in patients with CD is still poorly understood. METHODS This was a retrospective, observational, single-centre, cohort study of 136 active smokers with mean age 55 years (SD=11), 58% males, including 27 (19.8%) patients with CD who entered the multidisciplinary SCP of the Luigi Sacco University Hospital of Milan from January 2017 through January 2019. A pulmonologist was responsible for the clinical and pharmacological management, while a psychiatrist and a psychologist conducted the counselling and assessed the motivation to quit, anxiety and depression using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the nicotine dependence with the Fagerström test. Patients were defined as quitters after 12 months. RESULTS Demographic and clinical characteristics, and Fagerström score, did not differ in patients with and without CD. At baseline, patients with CD had a higher BPRS (median 27, IQR 22-32; vs 25 and 22-28.5; p=0.03), and a lower motivation to quit score (median 10, IQR 9-13; vs 14 and 12-15; p less then 0.001). After 12 months, the quitting rate of smokers with CD was significantly lower (14.8% vs 36.7%; p less then 0.022) and the chance of quitting was negatively associated with the baseline BPRS (r=-0.256; p less then 0.003). Varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy tended to be less effective in patients with CD. CONCLUSIONS The lower efficacy of SCPs in patients with CD might be secondary to a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression. Psychological issue recognition and support should be enhanced to increase SCP effectiveness in CD. © 2020 Santus P. et al.