05). Our data highlight the clinical importance of KL in SCA.In order to determine the ecological risk and health risk of Arsenic (As) and Cadmium (Cd) in soils from a typical mining city in Huainan, a total of 99 soil samples were collected and analyzed. The results showed that the concentrations of As and Cd ranged from 3.2 to 39.50 and 0.01 to 0.19 mg/kg, respectively, which exceeded the soil background values by 6.06 and 14.14%, respectively. The soil pH and content of organic carbon demonstrated no significant (P > 0.05) correlation with the As and Cd concentrations, while the land use types significantly (P  less then  0.05) affected the As and Cd distribution. According to the Nemero synthesis pollution index, three spot areas were identified as moderately to strongly polluted. The potential ecological risk index ranged from 4.34 to 108.64, which represented that the potential ecological risk was low. In addition, children faced more carcinogenic risk of As. Consequently, mining has increased the concentrations of As and Cd in soils, and the carcinogenic risk of As to children should be paid more attention.
  Supraglottic airways (SGA) are an established method of airway management both in prehospital medicine and clinical settings. Endotracheal intubation is the gold standard, but SGA offer advantages in terms of faster application learnability.
 
  In the present study it was investigated whether the time until the first sufficient ventilation in the three examined SGAs applied by bystander differed significantly.
 
  A total of 160 visitors to ashopping mall were assigned to one of the three SGA after permutative block randomization. The primary endpoint of the present study was the required placement time until the first sufficient ventilation.
 
  Participants managed to place the i‑gel laryngeal mask airway (i-gel, Intersurgical Beatmungsprodukte GmbH, Sankt Augustin, Germany) after amedian time of 11 s, whereas the median time until the first sufficient ventilation using aclassic laryngeal mask airway (LMA; 26 s) or alaryngeal tube (LT; 28 s) was significantly longer. Thus, the time savings when using the i‑gel compared to the LT and LMA were each significant (p < 0.001), whereas the times between LT and LMA did not differ significantly (p0.65).
 
  The results show that laypersons are able to successfully apply various supraglottic airways to the phantom after ashort learning period. The i‑gel laryngeal mask could be placed with the highest success rate and speed.
 The results show that laypersons are able to successfully apply various supraglottic airways to the phantom after a short learning period. The i‑gel laryngeal mask could be placed with the highest success rate and speed.
  To gather data about structural and procedural characteristics of patient rounds in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting.
 
  Astructured online survey was offered to members of two German intensive care medicine societies.
 
  Intensivists representing 390 German ICUs participated in this study (university hospitals 25%, tertiary hospitals 23%, secondary hospitals 36%, primary hospitals 16%). In 90% of participating ICUs, rounds were reported to take place in the morning and cover an average of 12intensive care beds and 6intermediate care beds within 60 min.  https://www.selleckchem.com/Androgen-Receptor.html  With an estimated bed occupancy of 80%, this averaged to 4.3 min spent per patient during rounds. In 96% of ICUs, rounds were stated to include abedside visit. On weekdays, 86% of the respondents reported holding asecond ICU round with the attendance of aqualified decision-maker (e.g. board-certified intensivist). On weekends, 79% of the ICUs performed at least one round with adecision-maker per day. In 18%, only one ICU round per weekend was reported, mo in Germany. Compared to other mostly Anglo-American studies, German ICU rounds appear to be shorter and less interdisciplinary.Reduced exercise capacity and restrictive lung physiology are common in patients after Fontan palliation (FP). However, there is paucity of data regarding the association between specific spirometry patterns and key exercise parameters in this population. This is a single-center, cross-sectional, study correlating pulmonary function and exercise parameters in children with FP. Patients who were ≤ 18 years of age and underwent a comprehensive cardiopulmonary treadmill exercise stress test (CPT) and spirometry at the same time, were included. Patients were categorized as (i) normal or (ii) abnormal based on the results of spirometry. The abnormal group was subdivided into (a) restrictive, (b) obstructive, and (c) mixed patterns. Demographic and key exercise parameters were compared between groups. Our study included 82 patients who underwent CPT at 13.6 (IQR, 11.3-15.4) years of age. A reduced exercise capacity (%VO2 ≤ 85%) was noted in the majority (n = 50, 61%). Spirometry was abnormal in 47 (57%) patients [restrictive (n = 25, 30%), obstructive (n = 12, 15%), and mixed (n = 10, 12%)]. The abnormal spirometry group had significant lower %VO2 (77% vs. 92%, p = 0.01) and METS (8.4 vs. 9.6, p = 0.02). Subgroup analysis revealed that obstructive (p = 0.04) and mixed (p = 0.02) patterns were associated with a significant decrease in % VO2. Majority of the children demonstrated an abnormal spirometry pattern post-FP. Abnormal pulmonary function was associated with the reduced exercise capacity. Identification and treatment of the abnormal lung function may improve the exercise capacity in these patients and improve the morbidity.
  The purpose of the study was to determine the long-term survivorship, functional outcomes of a single-design condylar constrained (CCK) TKA in primary and revision cases as well as to assess specific risk factors for failure. It was hypothesized that primary CCK TKA had a better survival than revision knees.
 
  One hundred and forty three patients who underwent revision TKA (n = 119) or complex primary TKA (n = 24) using a single-design condylar constrained knee system (Genesis CCK, Smith & Nephew) performed at a single institution between 1999 and 2008 were retrospectively included. The median follow-up amounted to 11.8years (IQR 10.3-14.4). Implant survivorship was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival estimates and multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify risk factors for failure. Function was determined using the Oxford Knee Score (OKS).
 
  The implant survival was 86.4% after five, 85.5% after ten and 79.8% at 15years. A reduced implant survivorship was found in males (HR 5.16, p = 0.001), smokers (HR 6.