https://www.selleckchem.com/products/prt062607-p505-15-hcl.html Dogs have remarkable abilities to synergise their behaviour with that of people, but how dogs read facial and bodily emotional cues in comparison to humans remains unclear. Both species share the same ecological niche, are highly social and expressive, making them an ideal comparative model for intra- and inter-species emotion perception. We compared eye-tracking data from unrestrained humans and dogs when viewing dynamic and naturalistic emotional expressions in humans and dogs. Dogs attended more to the body than the head of human and dog figures, unlike humans who focused more on the head of both species. Dogs and humans also showed a clear age effect that reduced head gaze. Our results indicate a species-specific evolutionary adaptation for emotion perception, which is only partly modified for heterospecific cues. These results have important implications for managing the risk associated with human-dog interactions, where expressive and perceptual differences are crucial. The dormancy release in Avena fatua caryopses was associated with a reduction in the ABA content in embryos, coleorhiza and radicle. The coleorhiza proved more sensitive to KAR and less sensitive to ABA than the radicle. The inability of dormant caryopses and ABA-treated non-dormant caryopses to complete germination is related to inhibition and delayed of cell-cycle activation, respectively. As freshly harvested Avena fatua caryopses are dormant at 20°C, they cannot complete germination; the radicle is not able to emerge. Both karrikin 1 (KAR ) and dry after-ripening release dormancy, enabling the emergence of, first, the coleorhiza and later the radicle. The after-ripening removes caryopse sensitivity to KAR and decreases the sensitivity to abscisic acid (ABA). The coleorhiza was found to be more sensitive to KAR , and less sensitive to ABA, than radicles. Effects of KAR and after-ripening were associated with a reduction of the e