Depression was significantly associated with all types of abuse and in multiple regression indicated it was one of the most important predictors of physical and sexual abuse.
 
  Kuwaiti first year undergraduates commonly reported experiencing abuse. There is a strong need for child protection policies, improved legislation and prevention strategies.
 Kuwaiti first year undergraduates commonly reported experiencing abuse. There is a strong need for child protection policies, improved legislation and prevention strategies.
  Diabetic hypoglycaemia affects medication adherence, patients' productivity and quality of life. It is also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications.
 
  To examine the impact of hypoglycaemia in insulin-treated patients in the Lebanese cohort of the Hypoglycaemia Assessment Tool (HAT) study.
 
  The HAT study was an observational study covering a 6-month retrospective and a 4-week prospective period in 24 countries including Lebanon. Data were collected using self-assessment questionnaires and patient diaries from 1158 invited lebanese patients, aged ≥ 18 years, with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM/T2DM) treated with insulin for > 12 months. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients experiencing ≥ 1 hypoglycaemic event during the 4-week follow-up period.
 
  After 4 weeks of follow-up, 177/225 [78.7%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 72.7-83.8] of patients with T1DM and 291/630 (46.2%; 95% CI 42.2-50.2) patients with T2D experienced at least 1 hypoglycaemic event. Rates of nocturnal and severe hypoglycaemia were 10.7 (95% CI 9.1-12.3) and 13.2 (95% CI 11.5-14.9) events/patient-year for T1DM, and 3.3 (95% CI 2.8-3.8) and 4.2 events/patient-year (95% CI 3.6-4.8) for T2DM, respectively. Fear of hypoglycaemia was significantly associated with nocturnal and severe hypoglycaemia in both diabetes types (P < 0.001).
 
  The results suggest that the less-advanced healthcare systems in Lebanon are implicated in lower levels of patient knowledge about hypoglycaemia and related preventive measures. Treatment strategies and glycaemia goals should be individualized according to patient preference, medical benefits, and risk of hypoglycaemia.
 The results suggest that the less-advanced healthcare systems in Lebanon are implicated in lower levels of patient knowledge about hypoglycaemia and related preventive measures. Treatment strategies and glycaemia goals should be individualized according to patient preference, medical benefits, and risk of hypoglycaemia.
  A Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order should only impede the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in case of cardiac or respiratory arrest; it should not interfere with any other treatment decisions.
 
  To study the impact of DNR order placement on daily clinical care of patients.
 
  This was a retrospective cohort study of 72 patients in a tertiary care centre in Saudi Arabia. Daily clinical care measures were collected for 2 weeks prior and 2 weeks after DNR order placement and included vital signs, nursing care, comfort measures, documentation, visits by senior and junior physicians, and tests completed.
 
  Malignancy was the most common diagnostic category (43.1%). There was a significant reduction in vital signs documentation, tests completed, documentation, and visits by physicians after DNR orders, with no change in nursing care and comfort measures. No differences were seen for place of DNR order (intensive care unit vs medical ward), category of disease, or sex, but there were differences for documentation (more in females) and vital signs (more in males). More vital signs were documented and more tests were done in patients who survived compared to those who died. Regression analysis showed that the frequency of post-DNR order vital signs measurements and investigations done was not related to sex, age, diagnosis, time from admission to DNR order, or location of patients. Time to death was only related to sex and post-DNR order summary documentation.
 
  Placement of DNR orders significantly reduced vital signs measurements, investigations done, documentation and visits by physicians but not nursing care and comfort measures.
 Placement of DNR orders significantly reduced vital signs measurements, investigations done, documentation and visits by physicians but not nursing care and comfort measures.
  Hypertension is a major and fast-growing public health problem in Africa.
 
  To determine the prevalence of hypertension and assess the levels of awareness, treatment and control in Kenya.
 
  A national cross-sectional study based on stratified cluster random sampling was conducted in 2015. The total sample included 4500 individuals aged 18-69 years, (60.0% female; median age 38.0 years, interquartile range 29-52 years) from Kenya. We used the World Health Organization STEPS method Step 1, questionnaire interview; Step 2, anthropometric and blood pressure (BP) measurements; and Step 3, biochemical tests. Logistic regression was used to investigate the determinants of hypertension (systolic/diastolic) BP ³ 140/90 mm Hg or use of antihypertensive medication), and awareness, treatment and control.
 
  Overall, 28.6% of the population had hypertension, 29.2% among men and 27.9% among women, 17.7% among individuals 18-29 years and 58.3% among those aged 60-69 years.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/MLN-2238.html  Among hypertensives, 29.4% were aware, 6.5% were currently using antihypertensive medication, and 12.5% had controlled their BP (< 140/90 mmHg). In the fully adjusted model, older age, higher education, overweight and obesity, past month binge drinking, and type 2 diabetes were positively associated with hypertension. In addition, underweight was negatively associated with hypertension.
 
  There was a high prevalence of hypertension among adults in Kenya, with low awareness, treatment and control rates. Public health response is needed in the form of integrated and comprehensive action targeting major noncommunicable diseases in the country.
 There was a high prevalence of hypertension among adults in Kenya, with low awareness, treatment and control rates. Public health response is needed in the form of integrated and comprehensive action targeting major noncommunicable diseases in the country.