fractures still occurred.Background Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk for adverse cardiovascular outcome later in life. However, it is uncertain whether this increased risk is due to cardiovascular changes occurring during pregnancy and persisting thereafter or to an adverse underlying cardiovascular risk factor profile. Few studies have reported that GDM is associated with reduced systolic and diastolic left ventricular function in pregnancy however it remains unknown whether these changes persist after delivery. The objective of this study is to compare maternal cardiac function and structure in women with GDM and those with uncomplicated pregnancy at 35-36 weeks' gestation and about six months after delivery. Methods This is a longitudinal study where women with GDM and those with uncomplicated pregnancy had detailed cardiovascular assessment at 35-36 weeks' gestation and repeat examination around six months after delivery. In all women, left ventricular systolic and diastolic indices were measurndices improved for both the GDM patients and controls, but in the GDM group, compared to controls, there was a lower degree of improvement in E/A ratio and global longitudinal systolic function. Conclusion In the third trimester, GDM patients have subtle differences in diastolic and systolic left ventricular function compared to controls and despite improvement after delivery, these changes persist for at least six months.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Gefitinib.html  Long term follow up therefore is needed to assess whether GDM women are at risk for an accelerated decline in their cardiac function and if so whether this trend can be reversed or delayed by optimal cardiovascular risk factor modification. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Background Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a rare photosensitive syndrome, which is divided into eight complementation groups (XP-A to XP-G and XPV) and characterized by skin cancers diagnosed at early age. A family of seven members (age range between 5 and 47 years) with carriers of the novel nonsense mutation that causes XP-E type were included in the current study. Methods DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples of the proband, and cancer predisposition genes were sequenced with next-generation sequencing. The demographic features and the laboratory, clinical, and histopathological findings of patients were evaluated. Results In the proband, squamous cell carcinoma was first diagnosed in the right-eye cornea at the age of 13 years and then in the left-eye cornea at the age of 15 years. Later, the patient was diagnosed with basosquamous cell carcinoma on the dorsum of the nose at the age of 18 years. After genetic analysis, a novel nonsense c.1063C>T(p.Arg355Ter) pathogenic variation that causes XP-E type was detected as homozygous in the DDB2 gene of the proband and her siblings, 11 and 5 years of age, and as heterozygous in her parents and a 22-year-old brother. Conclusion Because of the occurrence of early termination codon, truncated nonfunctional proteins or proteins with deleterious loss or gain-of-function activities are synthesized in nonsense mutation. Thus, to avoid the development of pathological lesions, it is important that such patients with nonsense mutation stay away from agents that might cause DNA damage and develop an appropriate lifestyle according to this condition.Artificial intelligence (AI) uses data and algorithms to aim to draw conclusions as good as humans (or even better). AI is already a part of our daily life - it is behind face recognition, speech recognition in virtual assistants (like Amazon Alexa, Apple's Siri, Google Assistant, and Microsoft Cortana) and self-driving cars. AI software has been able to win world champions in Chess, Go and recently even Poker. Relevant to our community, it is a prominent source of innovation in healthcare, already helping to develop new drugs, support clinical decisions, and provide quality assurance in radiology. The full list of medical image analysis AI applications with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or European Union regulation (soon to fall under European Union Medical Device Regulation (EU-MDR)) is growing rapidly and covers diverse clinical needs, such as arrhythmia detection with your smartwatch or automatic triage of critical imaging studies to the top of the radiologist worklist. Deep learning, a leading tool of AI, is in particular good at image pattern recognition and therefore of high benefit to doctors who heavily depend on images, like sonologists, radiographers and pathologists. Although obstetric and gynecologic ultrasound are two of the most commonly performed imaging studies, AI has had little impact on this field so far. Nevertheless, there is huge potential to assist in repetitive ultrasound tasks, such as automatically identifying good acquisitions and immediate quality assure. For this potential to thrive interdisciplinary communication between AI developers and ultrasound professionals is necessary. In this opinion we explore the fundamentals of medical imaging AI, from theory to applicability, and introduce some key terms to medical professionals in the field of ultrasound. We believe that wider knowledge of AI will help accelerate its integration into healthcare. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.A 75-year-old female with end stage kidney failure had her tunneled central venous dialysis catheter (CVC) removed. A subsequent computed tomopgraphy (CT) scan of the chest reported a filling defect in the central vein that appeared to represent a fractured remnant of the CVC. The catheter had been retained for culture and was available for direct visualization, which showed it to be entirely intact. A subsequent venogram confirmed that the CT findings represented a retained calcified central venous fibrin sheath. As retained CVC fragments may require intervention, this diagnosis should be established carefully. A calcified fibrin sheath associated with a chronic CVC is a known, although rare, complication and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an apparent CVC fracture prior to further interventions.