https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bi-4020.html Surgery is the most effective treatment in patients with painful chronic pancreatitis and a dilated pancreatic duct. Studies reporting the outcomes of selected surgical approach according to the pancreatic head size in these patients are lacking. This was a retrospective, observational single-centre study of consecutive patients who underwent either a Frey procedure or extended lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (eLPJ) for pain due to chronic pancreatitis with a dilated main pancreatic duct (5 mm or more) between 2006 and 2017. A Frey procedure was used in patients with pancreatic head enlargement (40 mm or more) and eLPJ (full-length pancreaticojejunostomy, including transection of the gastroduodenal artery) in others. A biliodigestive bypass was added in the case of biliary obstruction. Overall, 140 of 220 patients met the eligibility criteria 70 underwent a Frey procedure and 70 an eLPJ. Hepaticojejunostomy was added in 17.1 per cent of patients (Frey 24.3 per cent; eLPJ 10.0 per cent (P = 0.025)). Major morbidity occurred in 15.0 per cent of patients (Frey 21.4 per cent; eLPJ 8.6 per cent (P = 0.033)). After a median 7.8 years of follow-up, the mean (s.d.) decrease in Izbicki pain score was 33 (27) points (34 (28) points after a Frey procedure; 32 (26) points after an eLPJ). Pain relief was reported as 'very much' by 87.5 per cent of patients (Frey 86.1 per cent; eLPJ 88.9 per cent) and as 'partial' by 11.1 per cent (Frey 13.8 per cent; eLPJ 8.3 per cent). Selective-use of either a Frey procedure or eLPJ in patients with symptomatic chronic pancreatitis was-associated with low morbidity and long-term pain relief. Adding a-biliodigestive bypass did not increase morbidity. Selective-use of either a Frey procedure or eLPJ in patients with symptomatic chronic pancreatitis was-associated with low morbidity and long-term pain relief. Adding a-biliodigestive bypass did not increase morbidity. Group 3 innate lymphoid cells [