https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pci-32765.html Currently, social and political discussions are dominated by aspects related to the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several approaches for supporting science in times of COVID-19 have been undertaken at the national and supranational level, such as the COVID-19 recovery fund by the European Union. For reducing the global disease burden and the societal burden related to economic crises caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, adequate political and financial support is needed. This is closely related to funding of research and programs for absorbing the adverse effects of the pandemic and the measures introduced to diminish the spread of the disease. This contribution highlights the relevance of public health research and international health diplomacy to evaluate the direct and indirect impacts of COVID-19 on populations health. Virological detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through RT-PCR has limitations for surveillance. Serological tests can be an important complementary approach. We aimed to assess the practical performance of RT-PCR-based surveillance protocols and determine the extent of undetected SARS-CoV-2 infection in Shenzhen, China. We did a cohort study in Shenzhen, China and attempted to recruit by telephone all RT-PCR-negative close contacts (defined as those who lived in the same residence as, or shared a meal, travelled, or socially interacted with, an index case within 2 days before symptom onset) of all RT-PCR-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 detected since January, 2020, via contact tracing. We measured anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in serum samples from RT-PCR-negative close contacts 2-15 weeks after initial virological testing by RT-PCR, using total antibody, IgG, and IgM ELISAs. In addition, we did a serosurvey of volunteers from neighbourhoods with no reported cases, and frogy Innovation Commission. The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Special Foundation of Scien