We compared the species names in the Reptile Database, a dedicated taxonomy database, with those in the NCBI taxonomy database, which provides the taxonomic backbone for the GenBank sequence database. About 67% of the known ~11,000 reptile species are represented with at least one DNA sequence and a binary species name in GenBank. However, a common problem arises through the submission of preliminary species names (such as "Pelomedusa sp. A CK-2014") to GenBank and thus the NCBI taxonomy. These names cannot be assigned to any accepted species names and thus create a disconnect between DNA sequences and species. While these names of unknown taxonomic meaning sometimes get updated, often they remain in GenBank which now contains sequences from ~1,300 such "putative" reptile species tagged by informal names (~15% of its reptile names). We estimate that NCBI/GenBank probably contain tens of thousands of such "disconnected" entries. We encourage sequence submitters to update informal species names after they have been published, otherwise the disconnect will cause increasing confusion and possibly misleading taxonomic conclusions.N/A.The family Lepechinellidae has had a complex history; described under two names, subsumed into the Dexaminidae, resurrected, and most recently treated as a subfamily within the Atylidae (Lowry Myers 2017). Lepechinellidae, based on Lepechinella Stebbing, 1908 was raised by Schellenberg (1926) to replace Dorbanellidae Schellenberg, 1925 based on Dorbanella Chevreux, 1914. The family name Lepechinellidae was used in at least ten publications until Barnard (1970) transferred the two included genera, Lepechinella and Paralepechinella Pirlot, 1933, to the Dexamininae. This arrangement was accepted tacitly or overtly by subsequent authors until Bousfield and Kendall (1994) recognized the unique nature of Lepechinella and allied genera and grouped them as Lepechinellinae within the Atylidae. Andres Brandt (2001) provided evidence to justify recognition at the family level but Lowry Myers (2017) reverted to the Bousfield Kendall (1994) position. Jim Lowry (pers. comm.) recognises that the Andres Brandt (2001) paper was not consulted by Lowry Myers (2017) and that recognition of the family Lepechinellidae is justified.Proteocephalid tapeworms (Cestoda) are one of the dominant groups of intestinal parasites of Neotropical catfishes (Siluriformes), especially pimelodids (de Chambrier et al. 2015). The long and convoluted taxonomic history of species of Chambriella Rego, Chubb Pavanelli, 1999 has been disentangled only recently by Alves et al. (2017). These authors erected a new genus, Riggenbachiella Alves, de Chambrier, Luque Scholz, 2017, to accommodate R. amazonense Alves, de Chambrier, Luque Scholz, 2017 (type-species) and R. paranaense (Pavanelli Rego, 1989) (previously Chambriella paranaensis), parasites of pimelodid catfishes.The identity of Arcotheres pernicola (Bürger, 1895) (Pinnotheridae), a pea crab supposedly associated with the mussel Perna, has been unclear as the type specimen is in poor condition. Specimens collected from the oyster Magallana gryphoides (Schlotheim, 1820) from Alibaugh, Maharashtra state, India, are here referred to A. pernicola and the species is redescribed and refigured. Its affinities with allied congeners are also discussed.Two new species of the genus Trachylophus Gahan, 1888, T. tianmuensis sp. nov. and T. chiangi sp. nov. from China are described. The adult habitus and male genitalia of the two new species are described in detail.Three new species, Gnaphosa aksuensis sp. n., G. mataica sp. n., and G. prashkevichi sp. n., are described based on both sexes from Eastern Kazakhstan. Descriptions, illustrations, and maps showing records are provided. The new species represent a monophyletic rasnitsyni-group together with four Mongolian species.The fauna of Iranian Anthribidae and Nemonychidae (Coleoptera Curculionoidea) is summarized in this paper. In total, 13 species within nine genera of Anthribidae (Allandrus LeConte, 1876, Enedreytes Schoenherr, 1839, Platyrhinus Clairville, 1798, Platystomos D.H. Schneider, 1791, Dissoleucas Jordan, 1925, Noxius Jordan, 1936, Araecerus Schoenherr, 1823, Choragus Kirby, 1819, and Bruchela Dejean, 1821), and two species of Nemonychidae of the genus Nemonyx L. Redtenbacher, 1845 are listed as occurring in Iran. Two Anthribidae species, Choragus vittatus Reitter, 1885 and Bruchela cretacea K. Daniel J. Daniel, 1903 are new records for the fauna of Iran.Shield-backed katydids of tribe Arytropteridini Caudell, 1908 are recorded for the first time in Madagascar. The new genus Toliaridectes n. gen.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD6244.html  is proposed to include three new species from the south west of the island Toliaridectes meridionalis n. gen. n. sp., Toliaridectes wendenbaumi n. gen. n. sp. and Toliaridectes antsycurvis n. gen. n. sp.. Elements of biology of Toliaridectes n. gen. are given and the call of Toliaridectes antsycurvis n. gen. n. sp. is described. The taxonomic position of Arytropteridini is discussed.We describe a new species of Ischnocnema from the Serra da Bocaina mountain range, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil, based on morphological, bioacoustic, and mtDNA data. The new species is retrieved with high support values within the I. lactea species series as the sister species of I. spanios. Ischnocnema bocaina sp. nov. is characterized by its medium size (18.6-19.0 mm), a smooth venter, a rounded snout in dorsal view and acuminate in lateral view, a slightly expanded subgular, single vocal sac, a round and whitish, poorly-developed glandular-appearing nuptial pad on the dorsal surface of the thumb, and a nonpulsed advertisement call with 9 to 18 notes. We raise to 38 the number of Ischnocnema species, the 12th described in the past 10 years.The genus Trichogorgia (Cnidaria Octocorallia) is composed of mesophotic gorgonians, and has been traditionally included in the Family Chrysogorgiidae. The family is polyphyletic and in need of generic morphological reassessments. Herein, two new species of that genus are described, based on material deposited in the National Museum of Natural History-Smithsonian Institution. Additionally, we provide a taxonomic key to all species of Trichogorgia, also briefly discussing important characters of the group and closely related taxa.