Screening for prostate cancer using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing can lead to problems of underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis. Short, noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or transrectal ultrasonography might overcome these limitations.
 
  To compare the performance of PSA testing, MRI, and ultrasonography as screening tests for prostate cancer.
 
  This prospective, population-based, blinded cohort study was conducted at 7 primary care practices and 2 imaging centers in the United Kingdom. Men 50 to 69 years of age were invited for prostate cancer screening from October 10, 2018, to May 15, 2019.
 
  All participants underwent screening with a PSA test, MRI (T2 weighted and diffusion), and ultrasonography (B-mode and shear wave elastography). The tests were independently interpreted without knowledge of other results. Both imaging tests were reported on a validated 5-point scale of suspicion. If any test result was positive, a systematic 12-core biopsy was performed. Additional image fusion-targetncer, without an increase in the number of men advised to undergo biopsy or overdiagnosed with clinically insignificant cancer. There was no evidence that ultrasonography would have better performance compared with PSA testing alone.
 In this cohort study, when screening the general population for prostate cancer, MRI using a score of 4 or 5 to define a positive test result compared with PSA alone at 3 ng/mL or higher was associated with more men diagnosed with clinically significant cancer, without an increase in the number of men advised to undergo biopsy or overdiagnosed with clinically insignificant cancer. There was no evidence that ultrasonography would have better performance compared with PSA testing alone.Trichoderma harzianum is a widely used biocontrol agent in agriculture. Obtaining a full inventory of the small molecules that can be biosynthesized from the encoded biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) is therefore useful for understanding associated plant-microbe and microbe-microbe interactions. Here we heterologously reconstituted a polyketide synthase-nonribosomal peptide synthetase (PKS-NRPS) encoding gene cluster from T. harzianum t-22 in Aspergillus nidulans A1145. Six new tetronate natural products trihazone A-F (1-6) were isolated and elucidated by HRESIMS and 1D and 2D NMR data. Three of the products contain an exocyclic olefin, which is derived from the oxidative decarboxylation of an α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase ThnC as shown by biochemical assays.This review covers the literature published in 2019 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 719 citations (701 for the period January to December 2019) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1490 in 440 papers for 2019), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Pertinent reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. Methods used to study marine fungi and their chemical diversity have also been discussed.The past decade has witnessed growing interest in developing soft wearable pressure sensors with the ultimate goal of transforming today's hospital-centered diagnosis to tomorrow's patient-centered bio-diagnosis. In this context, battery-free wireless antenna-based pressure sensors will be highly advantageous for ubiquitous real-time health monitoring. However, current wireless antennas are largely based on thin films from traditional bulk metallic films or novel nanomaterials with an air-cavity design, which can only be operated in a limited pressure range due to the rigidity of active films and/or inherent cavity dimensions. Herein we report a soft battery-free wireless pressure sensor that is based on a three-dimensional (3D) porous gold nanowire foam-elastomer composite and is fabricated by solution-based conformal electroless plating technology, followed by elastomer encapsulation. We observe a transducer trade-off point for our foam antenna, below which the inductive effect and capacitive effect function together and above which the capacitive effect dominates. When an external pressure is applied, initially the inductance and capacitance increase simultaneously but the capacitance decreases afterwards. This can be transformed into a variable resonant frequency that first decreases linearly and then increases (in the capacitance domination pressure range). Importantly, the linear detection range of the sensor can be tuned simply by adjusting the thickness of the sponge or the rigidity of the elastomer (PDMS). We can achieve a wide pressure range of 0-248 kPa, which is the largest linear detection range reported in the literature (typically from 0 to 30 kPa) to the best of our knowledge. As a proof of concept, we further demonstrated that our gold nanowire foam sensor can be used to weigh people under both static and dynamic conditions.The tetrahydrocarbazole (THC) motif is ubiquitous in natural products and biologically active compounds. THCs can serve as favorable synthetic intermediates or precursors en-route to desired complex natural products. Despite a considerable number of strategies for the synthesis of THCs that have emerged in the last two decades, only a handful of reviews have been published on the subject. Herein, we have summarized synthetic methodologies published in the last ten years for the benefit of organic chemists. The review focuses on non-enantioselective syntheses of THCs, and encompasses ring opening reactions of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes, metal-catalyzed C-C/C-N bond formation, cycloaddition, conjugate addition, and miscellaneous reactions employed for accessing the THC framework.We present a time-resolved study of the photodissociation dynamics of OCS after UV-photoexcitation at λ = 237 nm. OCS molecules (X1Σ+) were primarily excited to the 11A'' and the 21A' Renner-Teller components of the 1Σ- and 1Δ states. Dissociation into CO and S fragments was observed through time-delayed strong-field ionisation and imaging of the kinetic energy of the resulting CO+ and S+ fragments by intense 790 nm laser pulses. Surprisingly, fast oscillations with a period of ∼100 fs were observed in the S+ channel of the UV dissociation. Based on wavepacket-dynamics simulations coupled with a simple electrostatic-interaction model, these oscillations do not correspond to the known highly-excited rotational motion of the leaving CO(X1Σ+, J ≫ 0) fragments, which has a timescale of ∼140 fs.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mps1-in-6-compound-9-.html  Instead, we suggest to assign the observed oscillations to the excitation of vibrational wavepackets in the 23A'' or 21A'' states of the molecule that predissociate to form S(3PJ) photoproducts.