SI, but the majority of beneficiaries with pre-ESRD insurance initiated HD with a CVC. Strategies are needed to improve pre-ESRD fistula placement.
  People with end-stage kidney disease receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) are generally physically inactive and frail.  https://www.selleckchem.com/CDK.html  Exercise studies in PD are scarce and currently there are no PD exercise programs in the United States. The primary objective of this study was to test the feasibility of a combined resistance and cardiovascular exercise program for PD patients under the care of a dedicated home dialysis center in the United States.
 
  Parallel randomized controlled feasibility study.
 
  PD patients were recruited from a single center and randomly assigned to the intervention (exercise; n= 18) or control (nonexercise; n= 18) group.
 
  The intervention group received monthly exercise physiologist consultation, exercise prescription (resistance and aerobic exercise program using exercise bands), and 4 exercise support telephone calls over 12 weeks. The control group received standard care.
 
  The primary outcome was study feasibility as measured by eligibility rates, recruitment rates, retention rates, adherence racise programs coordinated by exercise professionals to reduce the physical deterioration of PD patients.
 
  None.
 
  NCT03980795.
 NCT03980795.
  The Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (KDOQI) and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) chronic kidney disease (CKD) classification systems published in 2002 and 2012, respectively, are recommended worldwide and based on strong epidemiologic data. However, their impact on CKD recognition and management is not well evaluated in clinical practice, and we therefore investigated whether they help physicians recognize and appropriately care for patients with CKD.
 
  Randomized vignette experiment with fractional factorial design based on 6 kidney-related scenarios and 3 laboratory presentation methods reflecting the CKD guidelines. Participants evaluated 1 of 3 subsets of the 18 vignettes (ie, 6 vignettes each with 4 answer alternatives).
 
  249 interns, general practitioners, and residents/fellows attending postgraduate meetings and courses in Norway and the United States.
 
  Kidney-related results (serum creatinine level and urinary albumin excretion) were presented as the "minimal data" (high/ated by theoretical scenarios rather than direct patient care.
 
  Automatic GFR estimation, albuminuria categorization, and notification of the associated risk for complications improve most physicians` recognition and management of a wide range of CKD clinical scenarios.
 Automatic GFR estimation, albuminuria categorization, and notification of the associated risk for complications improve most physicians` recognition and management of a wide range of CKD clinical scenarios.
  The use of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors is standard of care in people with early to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). Less is known regarding the efficacy of RAS inhibitors in very advanced CKD. In this study, we describe patterns of use of RAS inhibitors and associations of these patterns of use with risk for CKD progression and mortality in patients with advanced CKD.
 
  Propensity-matched cohort study.
 
  We identified 678 participants who were enrolled in the multicenter Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study with estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs)< 30 mL/min/1.73 m
  at the baseline visit.
 
  Use of RAS inhibitors within the first year after the baseline visit, characterized by 4 patterns of use never users, always users, dynamic users, and new users.
 
  Progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and all-cause mortality.
 
  We generated propensity scores and matched participants in the always users group with a 11 ratio with a participant from the other 3 groups, eterogeneous.
  We found no difference in risk for progression to ESRD or mortality across patterns of RAS inhibitor use. Further research isrequired to identify optimal prescribing strategies of RAS inhibitors during advanced stages of CKD.
 Use of RAS inhibitors in patients with eGFRs less then 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 is heterogeneous..We found no difference in risk for progression to ESRD or mortality across patterns of RAS inhibitor use. Further research is required to identify optimal prescribing strategies of RAS inhibitors during advanced stages of CKD.Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis is a rare but serious adverse effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. We present a case of a woman in her 40s with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalized for revascularization for moyamoya disease who developed empagliflozin-associated euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis despite having stopped the medication before admission. Surgical stress, acute postoperative illness, and decreased carbohydrate intake are postulated to be contributing factors to the development of ketosis in this patient, while near-normal glucose levels initially suggested nondiabetic ketoacidosis physiology and led to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus may develop diabetic ketoacidosis during states of relative insulinopenia, most frequently from inadequate medication or intercurrent illness. During periods of carbohydrate deficiency, volume depletion, and upregulation of counter-regulatory stress hormones, SGLT2 inhibitor therapy can promote lipolysis and ketogenesis while maintaining euglycemia. Clinical considerations to ensure safe SGLT2 inhibitor therapy include appropriate holding parameters, timely diagnosis of euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, and recognition that the pharmacologic effects of SGLT2 inhibitor treatment may persist beyond several half-lives of elimination.In patients with pregnancy-associated complement gene variant-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (cTMA), terminal complement blockade is used for treatment of cTMA flares during pregnancy or following delivery. We report pregnancy and delivery outcomes of 2 genetically high-risk patients with cTMA, including 1 kidney transplant recipient, during ongoing eculizumab therapy. In both patients, the first manifestation of cTMA occurred independent from pregnancy. One patient has a history of 2 uneventful pregnancies with prophylactic plasma infusions, and the other has a history of early abortion during long-term eculizumab therapy following kidney transplantation. Overall, pregnancy and delivery outcomes under ongoing eculizumab therapy in our 2 patients with preserved kidney function were excellent as compared with other patients reported in the literature. Eculizumab plasma concentrations were maintained in the therapeutic range during pregnancy and were also detectable in cord blood. Results of cord blood analysis showed deficient complement activity, with low factor and regulator levels, most likely reflecting the age of the neonates and presence of eculizumab in cord blood.