Breast hypertrophy is a condition of abnormal enlargement of the breast which may continue until each breast weighs more than 1.5 kg (macromastia) or even more than 2 kg (gigantomastia). Supporting such heavy weights leads to cervical and upper thoracic back pain, costochondritis, and fungal infections in the mammary folds, making reduction mammoplasty essential. However, there is a lack of consensus among plastic surgeons as to the best technique. This study reports the results of reduction mammoplasties in South African women using the Wise pattern, minimally undermined with a medial pedicle.
 
  A retrospective record review of the reduction mammoplasties was conducted over a 1-year period. Patient records were assessed for early complications related to vascular reliability.
 
  One hundred and fourteen Wise pattern minimally undermined, medial pedicle techniques were performed on 57 consecutive patients in the 1-year period at the NetCare Rand Clinic in Berea, Johannesburg, South Africa (EN).  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/levofloxacin-hydrochloride.html  The patients' sternal notch to nipple distances ranged from 28 to 52 cm. The volume of breast reduction ranged from 345 g to 3300 g per breast. The overall complication rate was 9.7%, consisting of fat necrosis (3.5%), infection (1.7%), dehiscence (3.5%), and nipple epidermolysis (0.9%).
 
  The minimally undermined Wise pattern medial pedicle breast reduction technique proved to be a reliable technique for breast reduction in the South African population. Safety in pedicle breast reduction with sternal notch to nipple distances of up to 50 cm, as well as reliability and versatility in a wide range of breast sizes, was demonstrated.
 The minimally undermined Wise pattern medial pedicle breast reduction technique proved to be a reliable technique for breast reduction in the South African population. Safety in pedicle breast reduction with sternal notch to nipple distances of up to 50 cm, as well as reliability and versatility in a wide range of breast sizes, was demonstrated.
  Recent studies recommend limiting the amount of crystalloid perfused during resuscitation for trauma patients. Severely injured patients sustain extensive muscle damage with subsequent high serum myoglobin levels precipitating acute renal injury if not treated immediately. To timely identify patients at risk of acute renal injury, we proposed determining the strength of the correlation between the American College of Surgeons-defined injury severity score with serum and urine myoglobin level in the early hours of arrival to the emergency department to determine the patient at higher risk of raising serum myoglobin level and subsequent renal injury.
 
  A retrospective analysis was conducted at a 400-bed community teaching hospital with a level 2 trauma section and annual admission of 750-800 patients using the data in the trauma registry (2010-2017). Patients with an injury severity score of 15 or above were selected, and Student 
  test and Pearson correlation 2-tailed analysis were used to identify the relationship with serum myoglobin.
 
  There were 306 patients total, with 200 men (70.3%) and 106 women (29.7%) and a mean age of 60.64 (SD = 23.6) (range 18-96) years. The mean injury severity score was 22.3 (SD = 8.5) (range 16-75). The median level of serum myoglobin in the first 24 hours of admission was 848.56 ng/mL (range 22-11,197). There was a strong and significant correlation between the 2 variables (
   = 0.397, 
   < .0001).
 
  The appearance of urine myoglobin with serum level of 39 ng/mL suggests that with higher injury severity score, the potential for acute kidney injury is likely and should be addressed early in the patient management.
 The appearance of urine myoglobin with serum level of 39 ng/mL suggests that with higher injury severity score, the potential for acute kidney injury is likely and should be addressed early in the patient management.
  Thrombelastography has become increasingly used in liver transplantation. The implications of thrombelastography at various stages of liver transplantation, however, remain poorly understood. Our goal was to examine thrombelastography-based coagulopathy profiles in liver transplantation and determine whether preoperative thrombelastography is predictive of transfusion requirements perioperatively.
 
  A retrospective review of 364 liver transplantations from January 2013 to May 2017 at a single institution was performed. Patients were categorized as hypocoagulable or nonhypocoagulable based on their preoperative thrombelastography profile. The primary outcome was intraoperative transfusion requirements.
 
  Of patients undergoing liver transplantation, 47% (
   = 170) were hypocoagulable and 53% (
   = 194) were nonhypocoagulable preoperatively. Hypocoagulable patients had higher transfusion requirements compared to nonhypocoagulable patients, requiring more units of packed red blood cells (7 vs 4, 
   < .01), stography. Identification of a patient's coagulation state preoperatively aids in guiding transfusion during liver transplantation. This work serves to better direct clinicians during major surgery to improve perioperative resource utilization. Future prospective work should aim to identify specific thrombelastography values that may predict transfusion requirements.
  Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide. Almost half of those that have a potentially curative resection go on to develop metastatic disease. A recognized risk for recurrence is perioperative systemic inflammation and sepsis. Neutrophil extracellular traps have been implicated as promotors of tumor progression. We aimed to examine the evidence in the literature for an association between neutrophil extracellular traps and postoperative metastasis in colorectal cancer.
 
  Studies published between 2000 and December 2018 that examined the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in sepsis and inflammation in colorectal cancer and in relation to tumor-related outcomes were identified through a database search of Cochrane, CINAHL, and MEDLINE. Quality and bias assessment was carried out by 2 reviewers.
 
  Of 8,940 screened and of the 30 studies included, 21 were observational, 5 were in vivo experimental, 1 was in vitro, and 3 used a combination of these approaches.
 
  There is clear evidence from the literature that presence of a preoperative systemic inflammatory response predicts cancer recurrence following potentially curative resection, but the evidence for association of sepsis and progression is lacking.