https://www.selleckchem.com/products/diabzi-sting-agonist-compound-3.html 1-4.7 µM for echinacoside, doxorubicin, epirubicin, and idarubicin. Among these compounds, the least MIC90 of 6.3 and 12 μM were observed for epirubicin and echinacoside, respectively, against Mtb. Our findings indicate that echinacoside and epirubicin targets mycobacterial DNA gyrase, inhibit its catalytic cycle, and retard mycobacterium growth. Further, these compounds exhibit potential scaffolds for optimizing novel anti-mycobacterial agents that can act on drug-resistant strains.Stereoselectively-fluorinated analogs of pipecolic acid have been investigated through a combined theoretical and experimental approach. Three of the four possible diastereoisomers of 4,5-difluoropipecolic acid were successfully synthesized via deoxyfluorination chemistry, navigating a complex reaction network that included neighboring group participation, rearrangement, and elimination pathways. A DFT-based conformational study, supported by NMR J-based analysis, revealed that the different diastereoisomers of 4,5-difluoropipecolic acid preferentially adopt different puckers of the six-membered ring. These findings could have future relevance for the conformational control of biologically active peptides.Lamellar graphene oxide (GO) membranes are new membrane materials for seawater desalination due to their selective sub-nanometer interlayer two-dimensional channels. In general, the reliable and precise desalination of GO membranes is still heavily dependent on thick membranes that usually have a low water flux. The trade-off between the water flux and ion rejection is a long-lasting problem that restricts the development of highly efficient desalination membranes. In this work, we theoretically predicted that this trade-off can be broken by the self-assembly of GO sheets during the membrane preparation. Our molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicate that the high-water permeability of the GO membrane is due to