The percentage of collagen fiber in intima (p = 0.008) and media (p = 0.041) layers was significantly lower in men than in women. A higher elasticity (failure strain) of the specimens in male gender was also observed (p = 0.025). No significant difference was observed in the layers thickness between the genders regardless which part of the arterial wall was considered. CONCLUSIONS These biomechanical and histological findings could be the responsible for the higher left common carotid artery stiffness observed among ≥ 80 years old women when compared to men in numerous clinical studies in literature. BACKGROUND The presence of intraluminal thrombus and mitochondrial dysfunction in human abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) have been associated with aneurysmal growth and rupture. OBJECTIVE To study if endogenous factor Xa (FXa) may modulate mitochondrial functionality and expression of proteins associated with mitophagy in human AAA. METHODS AAA sites with intraluminal thrombus were obtained from six patients undergoing elective AAA surgery repair. Control samples were collected from six organ donors. The effect of FXa was analysed by in vitro incubation of AAA with 50nmol/L Rivaroxaban, an oral FXa inhibitor. RESULTS The enzymatic activities of citrate synthase, biomarker of mitochondrial density, and cytochrome C oxidase, biomarker of mitochondrial respiratory chain functionality, were significantly reduced in the AAA sites respect to healthy aorta (citrate synthase activity in μU/min/μg protein control 3.51±0.22 vs. AAA 0.37±0.15.;p less then 0.01; cytochrome C oxidase activity in μOD/min/ μg protein control 8.05±1.57 vs. AAA 3.29±1.05; p less then 0.05). Addition of Rivaroxaban to AAA reverted the activity of both citrate synthase and cytochrome C oxidase to similar values to control. Mitochondrial Drp-1 expression was higher in AAA sites than in either control aortas and Rivaroxaban-incubated AAA sites. Cytosolic content of Drp-1 phosphorylated at Ser637, mitochondrial Parkin and mitochondrial PINK1-Parkin interaction were significantly reduced in the AAA sites with respect to control aortas. For all these parameters Rivaroxaban-incubated AAA showed similar values than control aortas. CONCLUSIONS In human AAA Rivaroxaban improved mitochondrial functionality which was associated with changes in proteins related to mitophagy. Its opens possible new effects of endogenous FXa on the mitochondria in the human AAA site. PURPOSE The goal of this study was to verify whether the amount of intraluminal thrombus (ILT) within the aneurysm sac is associated with the outcomes of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). METHODS This single-center retrospective study was conducted by reviewing all patients who underwent EVAR between January 2010 and June 2015. Patients with an infrarenal AAA who received elective EVAR and had available pre- and postoperative computed tomography angiographies (CTAs) were included for analysis. The amount of ILT was depicted as ILT percentage and was calculated by using the ILT volume divided by the total volume of infrarenal abdominal aorta. The optimal cutoff point of the ILT percentage was determined by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The ILT percentage was evaluated as a predictor of severe adverse events (SAEs) using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. RESULTS A total of 184 patients with infrarenal AAA (male 151, female 33; mean actor of SAEs after EVAR. BACKGROUND Endovascular techniques have become an essential tool for treatment of thoracic aortic pathology (TEVAR). The objetive of this study is to analyze indications and results of TEVAR in Vascular Surgery Units, through a retrospective and multicentric national registry called Regis-TEVAR. METHODS From 2012 to 2016, a total of 287 patients from 11 Vascular Surgery Units, treated urgently and electively, were recruited consecutively. The primary variables analyzed are mortality, survival and reintervention rate. The indications for TEVAR were also analyzed aortic dissections, thoracic aneurysms, traumatisms and intramural hematomas or penetrating ulcers, as well as results and postoperative complications according to each indication. RESULTS Of the 287 TEVAR performed (239 males, mean age 64.1 ± 14.1 years), 155 were due to aortic aneurysm (54%), 90 type B aortic dissection (31.4%), 36 traumatic aortic rupture (12. 5%) and 6 penetrating ulcers or intramural hematomas (2.1%). Overall mortality at 30 days was 11.5% (18.5% in urgent and 5.3% in elective), being higher in dissections (13.3%). The median actuarial survival was 73% at 4 years. The stroke rate was 3.1% and the rate of spinal cord ischemia 4.9%. Aortic reoperations were necessary in 23 patients (8.1%). CONCLUSIONS This registry provides complete and reliable information on real clinical practice of TEVAR in Spain, with results similar to international series of open surgery. According to these data, TEVAR can be performed with acceptable morbidity and mortality and with low rates of postoperative complications. INTRODUCTION Type II endoleaks (T2ELs) are common following endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (EVAR). Embolization with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (Onyx®) may present an effective treatment alternative for T2ELs. Due to limited data supporting its use, we sought to analyze outcomes of Onyx® embolization for T2ELs. METHODS Retrospective review of consecutive patients treated for T2ELs utilizing Onyx® embolization agent from 2009-2018. All pre- and post-Onyx® intervention CT scans were analyzed for diameter and volume changes with 3D reconstruction software. The primary outcomes were change in maximum AAA diameter and volume.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/resatorvid.html  Secondary outcomes included additional interventions, rupture, and mortality. A subset analysis was performed with patients with isolated T2ELs (no other types of endoleaks present). RESULTS We identified 85 patients (73 males, mean age 77.6±7.6 years) who underwent 112 Onyx® interventions. Average time to first Onyx® intervention after index EVAR was 3.3±2.6 years and average sac growth was 6.