https://www.selleckchem.com/products/ro5126766-ch5126766.html ment for AOMs decreased the prescribing rate of AOMs immediately although the effect did not sustain thereafter. However, higher subsequent osteoporotic fracture-related medical expenditures were introduced, especially among those very old population. To assess antibiotic consumption, susceptibility patterns and targeted treatment for OXA-48 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) related infections in surgical patients in a General Surgery Department. Retrospective review of patients with a positive culture for OXA-48 and associated clinical data of infection, while hospitalized in a General Surgery Department from January 2013 to December 2018. Sixty-five patients with 66 isolations (OXA-48) were included Klebsiella pneumoniae, 57 (86.5%); Enterobacter cloacae, 5 (7.6%); Escherichia coli, 3 (4.5%); Morganella morganii, 1 (1.5%). The most frequent source was intra-abdominal infection (n=39, 60%), and previous antibiotic consumption was piperacillin-tazobactam (48%), meropenem (45%), ciprofloxacin (25.5%), ertapenem (16.5%), imipenem (12%), amikacin (12%), tigecycline (12%). Temporal trends (2013/14, 2015/16 and 2017/18) in susceptibility patterns were (percentages) ceftazidime-avibactam X-X-100; amikacin 100- 96-84 (p=0.518); tigecycline 10tam, amikacin, tigecycline, meropenem, and imipenem.Dry eye is the most common ocular surface disease, the core pathogenesis of which is ocular surface inflammation. Anti-inflammation is one of the important clinical treatments of dry eye. Since the definitely immunosuppressive effect, topical ophthalmic cyclosporine A (CsA) has been used in dry eye for many years. A large number of studies have been published in recent years, including its therapeutic effects, indications and applications. This article will introduce the mechanism of ophthalmic CsA, summarize its clinical treatment effects in dry eyes of different countries, different causes, and different se