The predation and consumption of animals are common behaviours in chimpanzees across tropical Africa. To date, however, relatively little is known concerning the hunting behaviour of central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes). Here, we provide the first direct observations of hunting behaviour by individuals of the newly habituated Rekambo community in the Loango National Park, Gabon. Over a period of 23 months (May 2017 to March 2019), we observed a total of 61 predation attempts on eight mammal species, including four monkey species. The two most frequently hunted species were two monkey species (Cercocebus torquatus, Cercopithecus nictitans), which are not hunted at other long-term field sites. The majority of predation events observed involved parties of an average of eight individuals, mainly adult males, with hunting success being higher with increasing numbers of participants. Hunting occurred all year round, but hunting rates increased in the dry season, the period of high fruit availability in the Loango National Park. These results are in line with the nutrient surplus hypothesis which explains seasonal variation in hunting behaviour in several populations of eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii e.g., Mahale, Tanzania; Ngogo, Uganda). Finally, with a hunting frequency of 2.65 hunts per month, the Rekambo community had higher hunting rates than other sites (Bossou, Republic of Guinea; Kahuzi-Biega, Democratic Republic of Congo; Budongo, Uganda) where red colobus monkeys are also absent. We discuss these results and compare them to patterns at other long-term sites.
  The role of intensity-modulated radiation therapy in the treatment of cervical esophageal cancer remains unclear. The outcome of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using intensity-modulated radiation therapy was retrospectively evaluated.
 
  Between 2004 and 2017, 36 patients with cervical esophageal cancer treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy were included. Among these patients, one had stage II disease, three stage III, 19 stage IVA, and 13 stage IVB. All patients received radiotherapy at a dose of 60Gy and concurrent platinum-based doublet chemotherapy.
 
  The median follow-up period for surviving patients was 36months. Three-year locoregional control, progression-free survival, and overall survival rates were 54, 40, and 46%, respectively. Disease progression was noted in 20 out of 36 patients (56%). Grade 3 late toxicities were observed in four patients (three esophageal stenoses and one carotid artery stenosis). There were no grade 4-5 toxicities. Univariate analysis identified the duration of radiotherapy as a prognostic factor for overall survival.
 
  Chemoradiotherapy using intensity-modulated radiation therapy for locally advanced cervical esophageal carcinoma achieved satisfactory locoregional control and survival with acceptable toxicities.
 Chemoradiotherapy using intensity-modulated radiation therapy for locally advanced cervical esophageal carcinoma achieved satisfactory locoregional control and survival with acceptable toxicities.The aim of this study was to assess potential combination effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with Sida tuberculata extracts on the oxidative stress and antioxidant activity, as well as on the inflammatory process. Rats with knee osteoarthritis (OA) were treated with S.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dorsomorphin-2hcl.html  tuberculata extracts and PBMT (904 nm, 18 J/cm2). The animals were evaluated for nociception and edema. The blood, knee lavage and structures, spinal cord, and brainstem were collected for biochemical analyses (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl content, superoxide dismutase activity, non-protein thiol levels, and measurement of nitrite/nitrate). The knee structures were also used to measure cytokine levels. PBMT lowered the damage due to oxidative stress in the knee and at distant sites from the lesion. PBMT also reduced the levels of nitric oxide and cytokines, which could explain the nociception reduction mechanism. Similarly, S. tuberculata decreased the damage by oxidative stress, levels of nitrite/nitrate, and cytokines. The therapy combination reduced levels of cytokines and nitrite/nitrate. PBMT and S. tuberculata extracts reduced the oxidative stress and inflammation. It is noteworthy that PBMT increased the antioxidant activity in the knee and at sites distant from the lesion, contributing to a more significant decrease in nociception. The combination of therapies did not present significant effects on the analyzed parameters. Therefore, it is suggested that PBM is sufficient to minimize the signs and symptoms of the knee OA in our rat model.The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical efficacy and safety of the combined use of systemic chemotherapy and CT-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treatment of lung cancer. A panel of 256 patients with lung cancer who were admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to October 2019 were recruited. According to the treatment plan, the patients were divided into test group (n = 128) and control group (n = 128). Patients in the test group were treated by systemic chemotherapy combined with CT-guided RFA, while patients in the control group were given systemic chemotherapy only. After treatment, a comparative analysis was conducted in terms of clinical efficacy, level of tumor markers, and adverse reactions. Meanwhile, patients in the two groups were followed up for analysis of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). After treatment, the tumor objective response rate and disease control rate of patients in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Besides, in patients of the test group, tumor markers, such as serum carcino-embryonic antigen, neuro-specific enolase, cytokeratin-19, and carbohydrate antigen-199, presented a remarkably lower level relative to those in the control group (p  0.05). Additionally, patients in the test group were more likely to have better PFS and OS. Notably, we monitored that in the test group, superior clinical efficacy was achieved in patients with non-small cell lung cancer and lung adenocarcinoma relative to that in patients with small cell lung cancer and lung squamous cell carcinoma, respectively. The combined use of systemic chemotherapy and CT-guided RFA can produce good clinical efficacy in treatment of lung cancer. It is relatively safe and deserves promotion and application in clinic.