This documentary study examines official texts related to physical education in legislation and decrees from Brazil's imperial period (1822-1889) to trace the initial steps of professionals in this area within the civil and military context of Brazilian society, before they were recognized as a professional category. We found that unlike intellectual efforts, practical work was less attractive, which made it difficult for these professionals to work exclusively and maintain stability in this area. These elements were obstacles to more organized demands from physical education that were required for professionalization.Oscar Nerval de Gouvêa was a scientist and teacher in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, whose work spanned engineering, medicine, the social sciences, and law. This paper presents and discusses a manuscript entitled "Table of mineral classification," which he appended to his dissertation Da receptividade mórbida , presented to the Faculty of Medicine in 1889. The foundations and features of the table provide a focus for understanding nineteenth-century mineralogy and its connections in Brazil at that time through this scientist. This text was Gouvêa's contribution to the various mineral classification systems which have emerged from different parts of the world.Knowledge of the scientific study of the sea in the early twentieth century is essential to understand the process through which marine biology was institutionalised in Portugal. The first national biological stations were set up during the First Republic the Estação de Zoologia Marítima da Foz in Porto, and the Aquário Vasco da Gama in Lisbon. This paper is a case study on the Estação da Foz, which played an important role by assisting the Zoology Institute at the Universidade do Porto in achieving its strategic objectives, and provides an understanding of the institutionalisation process for marine biology within a university context its connection with teaching, research, the economy, and society.This article explores the appropriation of psychiatric terminology by French theologians and priests, within the context of the pathologizations of religion in the nineteenth century. This appropriation allowed the clergy to differentiate "authentic" mystical experience from feigned or "deviant" ones. Firstly, it analyzes medical and theological manuals that sought to create an opposition between hysteria and saintliness, which was useful from the ecclesiastical point of view. Secondly, it presents the reports of three priests on supposed female mystics with stigmata. It concludes that the appropriation of medical rhetoric by the clergy could be used to define the limits of religious experience approved by the Catholic church.This article examines the activities of a well-known figure who, during his stay in Argentina, influenced life in Buenos Aires by cultivating his connections to medical science, the political sphere and the news media. The person in question was Fernando Asuero, an ear, nose and throat specialist from San Sebastián (Spain), whose activities in Buenos Aires in 1930 allow us to examine the conflicts within the healing arts, a field rife with competitors and numerous concurrent and opposing traditions. Using a biographical approach centered on a case study, this article shows that, at certain points, the disputes over cognitive monopoly ended up being debated within a courtroom.Biological evolution is often regarded as a central and unifying axis of biology. This article discusses historical aspects of this ideal of unification, as well as signs of its disintegration from the 1960s to 1980s. We argue that despite new proposals for the synthesis of biological knowledge, contemporary evolutionary biology is characterized by pluralism. The main points in favor of evolutionary pluralism are discussed and some consequences of this perspective are presented, particularly in terms of the ideal of a unified biology. Finally, we defend an evolutionary pluralism that critiques the ideal of unification as a scientific objective, but still favors local integrations.This article addresses the main interpretations employed to understand science communication as a discursive reformulation of scientific discourse and as a genre of discourse of its own. Both these interpretations are analyzed critically, since the characteristics of the discourse of science communication are not equivalent to translation parameters nor compatible with criteria to understanding them as a component of their own discursive genre. Finally, it is emphasized that science communication should be understood as praxis objectified through activities developed amidst diverse spheres of ideological creation.This article discusses contributions from the social and human sciences on the topic of family and kinship, considering the appropriation of the family as central to public health policies, particularly the Family Health Strategy. Contributions from classical anthropological, sociological, and historical research on the origins, social role, functions, and transformations of the family over time are presented, and include approaches related to family, gender, social class, and other contemporary issues. Specific analyses related to Brazil and the patriarchal family, among other aspects, are discussed along with current demographic data, concluding with comments on the need to expand reflections on the family in the training and guidelines provided to health professionals to strengthen the implementation of public policies.
  Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) secondary to peptic ulcer disease is a medical digestive emergency and could be one of the most serious adverse drug reactions.
 
  To identify the frequency of diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease.
 
  Prospective and epidemiological study conducted in a tertiary referral Brazilian hospital, from July 2016 to December 2019. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopies (UGE) reports were evaluated daily. The diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease was defined through endoscopic findings of peptic ulcer and erosive gastric lesions, and clinical symptoms.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/peg300.html  The frequency of diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease was estimated through the ratio between the number of patients diagnosed and the number of patients underwent UGE in the same period.
 
  A total of 2,779 endoscopic reports (2,503 patients) were evaluated, and 178 patients were eligible. The total frequency of diagnosis of NVUGIB secondary to peptic ulcer disease was 7.