Identifying the cause of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is relevant to optimize its management. We aimed to assess the applicability and utility of the Edinburgh CT criteria for cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in an unselected cohort of hospitalized patients. We retrospectively applied the Edinburgh criteria to the first available brain CTs of patients hospitalized for a first-ever lobar ICH in the district of L'Aquila from 2011 to 2017. ICH characteristics and outcomes were compared according to the presence of the Edinburgh CT criteria, including associated subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and finger-like projections (FLPs). The outcome of ICH in-hospital mortality was assessed with multivariate logistic regression analysis. We adopted the Edinburgh criteria, age, NIHSS and Glasgow Coma Scale scores, systolic blood pressure, antiplatelet treatment, ICH volume, and intraventricular extension on admission as covariates. Of 178 patients with lobar ICH, 52 (29.2%) had aSAH+FLPs, 60 (33.7%) aSAH only, 1 (0.6%) FLPs, and 65 (36.5%) none. Patients with aSAH+FLPs were older (79.0 ± 9.2 years) than those with only one criterion or none (74.0 ± 15.3 and 72.2 ± 13.8 years, respectively; P = 0.020). Patients with aSAH+FLPs also had more severe ICH at onset, higher in-hospital case-fatality (log rank test P = 0.003) and higher mRS scores at discharge (P < 0.001) as compared to those fulfilling one or none of the Edinburgh criteria. Low Glasgow Coma Scale score was the only factor independently associated to in-hospital case-fatality (odds ratio per point increase 0.51; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-0.91; P = 0.021). Our data suggest the applicability of the Edinburgh CT criteria in a hospital setting. The presence of those criteria reflects ICH clinical severity. Applying the Edinburgh CT criteria might help refining the diagnosis and improving the management of patients with lobar ICH. Applying the Edinburgh CT criteria might help refining the diagnosis and improving the management of patients with lobar ICH. The risk of intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) associated with hypertension (HTN) is well documented. While the prevalence of HTN increases with age, the greatest odds ratio (OR) for HTN as a risk for ischemic stroke is at an early age. We sought to evaluate if the risk for ICH from HTN was higher in the youngest patients of each race. The Ethnic/Racial Variations of ICH (ERICH) study is a prospective multicenter case-control study of ICH among whites, blacks, and Hispanics. Participants were divided into age groups based on race-specific quartiles. Cases in each race/age group were compared to controls using logistic regression (i.e., cases and controls unmatched). The probability of ICH among cases and controls for each race were compared against independent variables of HTN, quartile of age and interaction of quartile and age also using logistic regression. Overall, 2033 non-lobar ICH cases and 2060 controls, and 913 lobar ICH cases with 927 controls were included. ORs were highest in the youngest age quartile for non-lobar haemorrhage for blacks and Hispanics and highest in the youngest quartile for lobar haemorrhage for all races. The formal test of interaction between age and HTN was significant in all races for all locations with the exception of lobar ICH in whites (p = 0.2935). Hypertension is a strong independent risk factor for ICH irrespective of location among persons of younger age, consistent with the hypothesis that first exposure to HTN is a particularly sensitive time for all locations of ICH. Hypertension is a strong independent risk factor for ICH irrespective of location among persons of younger age, consistent with the hypothesis that first exposure to HTN is a particularly sensitive time for all locations of ICH. Stroke survivors are at high risk of developing cognitive syndromes, such as delirium and dementia. Accurate prediction of future cognitive outcomes may aid timely diagnosis, intervention planning, and stratification in clinical trials. We aimed to identify, describe and appraise existing multivariable prognostic rules for prediction of post-stroke cognitive status. We systematically searched four electronic databases from inception to November 2019 for publications describing a method to estimate individual probability of developing a cognitive syndrome following stroke. We extracted data from selected studies using a pre-specified proforma and applied the Prediction model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST) for critical appraisal. Of 17,390 titles, we included 10 studies (3143 participants), presenting the development of 11 prognostic rules - 7 for post-stroke cognitive impairment and 4 for delirium. Most commonly incorporated predictors were demographics, imaging findings, stroke type and symptom g predictive discrimination, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) in apparent validation ranged from 0.80 to 0.91. The overall risk of bias for each study was high. Only one prognostic rule had been externally validated.Discussion/conclusion Research into the prognosis of cognitive outcomes following stroke is an expanding field, still at its early stages. Recommending use of specific prognostic rules is limited by the high risk of bias in all identified studies, and lack of supporting evidence from external validation. To ensure the quality of future research, investigators should adhere to current, endorsed best practice guidelines for conduct of prediction model studies. Many daily-life clinical decisions in patients with cerebrovascular disease and cognitive impairment are complex. Evidence-based information sustaining these decisions is frequently lacking. The aim of this paper is to propose a practical clinical approach to cognitive impairments in patients with known cerebrovascular disease. The document was produced by the Dementia Committee of the European Stroke Organisation (ESO), based on evidence from the literature where available and on the clinical experience of the Committee members. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/raptinal.html This paper was endorsed by the ESO. Many patients with stroke or other cerebrovascular disease have cognitive impairment, but this is often not recognized. With improvement in acute stroke care, and with the ageing of populations, it is expected that more stroke survivors and more patients with cerebrovascular disease will need adequate management of cognitive impairment of vascular etiology. This document was conceived for the use of and for those clinicians involved in cerebrovascular disease, with specific and practical hints concerning diagnostic tools, cognitive impairment management and decision on some therapeutic options.