We investigate the fermionic quasiparticle branch of superfluid Fermi gases in the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) crossover and calculate the quasiparticle lifetime and energy shift due to its coupling with the collective mode. The only close-to-resonance process that low-energy quasiparticles can undergo at zero temperature is the emission of a bosonic excitation from the phononic branch. Close to the minimum of the branch we find that the quasiparticles remain undamped, allowing us to compute corrections to experimentally relevant quantities such as the energy gap, location of the minimum, effective mass, and Landau critical velocity.The naturally persistent flow of hundreds of dust particles is experimentally achieved in a dusty plasma system with the asymmetric sawteeth of gears on the electrode. It is also demonstrated that the direction of the dust particle flow can be controlled by changing the plasma conditions of the gas pressure or the plasma power. Numerical simulations of dust particles with the ion drag inside the asymmetric sawteeth verify the experimental observations of the flow rectification of dust particles. Both experiments and simulations suggest that the asymmetric potential and the collective effect are the two keys in this dusty plasma ratchet. With the nonequilibrium ion drag, the dust flow along the asymmetric orientation of this electric potential of the ratchet can be reversed by changing the balance height of dust particles using different plasma conditions.Dominant multiparticle interactions can give rise to exotic physical phases with anyonic excitations and phase transitions without local order parameters. In spin systems with a global SU(N) symmetry, cyclic ring-exchange couplings constitute the first higher-order interaction in this class. In this Letter, we propose a protocol showing how SU(N)-invariant multibody interactions can be implemented in optical tweezer arrays. We utilize the flexibility to rearrange the tweezer configuration on short timescales compared to the typical lifetimes, in combination with strong nonlocal Rydberg interactions. As a specific example, we demonstrate how a chiral cyclic ring-exchange Hamiltonian can be implemented in a two-leg ladder geometry. We study its phase diagram using density-matrix renormalization group simulations and identify phases with dominant vector chirality, a ferromagnet, and an emergent spin-1 Haldane phase. We also discuss how the proposed protocol can be utilized to implement the strongly frustrated J-Q model, a candidate for hosting a deconfined quantum critical point.The free energy landscape of mean-field marginal glasses is ultrametric. We demonstrate that this feature persists in finite three-dimensional systems that are out of equilibrium by finding sets of minima, which are nearby in configuration space. By calculating the distance between these nearby minima, we produce a small region of the distance metric. This metric exhibits a clear hierarchical structure and shows the signature of an ultrametric space. That such a hierarchy exists for the jamming energy landscape provides direct evidence for the existence of a marginal phase along the zero temperature jamming line.The dynamics of strongly correlated fermions following an external excitation reveals extremely rich collective quantum effects. Examples are fermionic atoms in optical lattices, electrons in correlated materials, and dense quantum plasmas. Presently, the only quantum-dynamics approach that rigorously describes these processes in two and three dimensions is the nonequilibrium Green functions (NEGF) method. However, NEGF simulations are computationally expensive due to their T^3 scaling with the simulation duration T.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/paeoniflorin.html  Recently, T^2 scaling was achieved with the generalized Kadanoff-Baym ansatz (GKBA), for second-order Born (SOA) selfenergies, which has substantially extended the scope of NEGF simulations. Here we demonstrate that GKBA-NEGF simulations can be performed with order T^1 scaling, both for SOA and GW selfenergies, and point out the remarkable capabilities of this approach.We study a system of purely repulsive spherical self-propelled particles in the minimal setup inducing motility-induced phase separation (MIPS). We show that, even if explicit alignment interactions are absent, a growing order in the velocities of the clustered particles accompanies MIPS. Particles arrange into aligned or vortexlike domains whose size increases as the persistence of the self-propulsion grows, an effect that is quantified studying the spatial correlation function of the velocities. We explain the velocity alignment by unveiling a hidden alignment interaction of the Vicsek-like form, induced by the interplay between steric interactions and self-propulsion.We develop theoretical and computational formalisms to describe thermal radiation from temporally modulated systems. We show that such a modulation results in a photon-based active cooling mechanism. This mechanism has a high thermodynamic performance that can approach the Carnot limit. Our work points to exciting new avenues in active, time-modulated control of thermal emission for cooling and energy harvesting applications.We study the collapse in spherical symmetry of a massless scalar field minimally coupled to gravity using the semiclassical equations that are expected from loop quantum gravity. We find the critical behavior of the mass as a function of the parameters of the initial data similar to that found by Choptuik in classical general relativity for a large set of initial data and values of the polymerization parameter. Contrary to wide expectations for quantum gravity, our semiclassical field equations have an exact scale invariance, as do the classical field equations. As one would then expect, we numerically find that the phase transition is second order again, as in the classical case.In this work we combine theory and experiment to study transient magnetic circular dichroism (TRMCD) in the extreme ultraviolet spectral range in bulk Co and CoPt. We use the ab initio method of real-time time-dependent density functional theory to simulate the magnetization dynamics in the presence of short laser pulses. From this we demonstrate how TRMCD may be calculated using an approximation to the excited-state linear response. We apply this approximation to Co and CoPt and show computationally that element-specific dynamics of the local spin moments can be extracted from the TRMCD in the extreme ultraviolet energy range, as is commonly assumed. We then compare our theoretical prediction for the TRMCD for CoPt with experimental measurement and find excellent agreement at many different frequencies including the M_23 edge of Co and N_67 and O_23 edges of Pt.