The aim of the study was to analyze the clinical outcomes of circular suture at placental attachment site for refractory postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), which could block blood supply of the serosa and myometrium layer.
 
  Eighty cases of refractory PPH were enrolled and retrospective analyzed in this study for further analysis from a consecutive single center database between 2010 and 2018. After undergoing circular suture of the uterine serosa and myometrium layer around placental attachment site, surgical and perioperative outcomes were recorded and analyzed.
 
  Among all the patients enrolled, 28 cases (35.0%) of refractory PPH were mainly caused by uterine inertia, 36 cases (45.0%) caused by ectopic placenta, and 2 cases (2.5%) caused by coagulation disorders. After circular suture of the uterine serosa and myometrium layer at placental attachment site, all the uterine active bleeding was controlled below 40 ml without recurrence. The perioperative results were similar between the vaginal and cesarean sections groups.
 
  Circular suture of the uterine serosa and myometrium at the placental attachment site could control refractory PPH with few postoperative complications. Circular suture around placenta site could be applied in time to protect the endometrium even in primary hospital.
 Circular suture of the uterine serosa and myometrium at the placental attachment site could control refractory PPH with few postoperative complications. Circular suture around placenta site could be applied in time to protect the endometrium even in primary hospital.
  Cryoballoon ablation is an established technique to achieve pulmonary vein isolation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Recently, a new manufacturer of cryoballoon achieved regulatory CE marking (POLARx™; Boston Scientific). We describe our early experience of using this new market entrant of the technology and describe procedural aspects in comparison to the incumbent Medtronic Arctic Front Advance™.
 
  We assessed the first 40 AF ablations performed with the POLARx catheter at the Barts Heart Centre. These patients were compared with a contemporaneous series of patients undergoing ablation by the same operators using the Arctic Front Advance. Procedural metrics were prospectively recorded.
 
  A total of four operators undertook 40 cases using the POLARx catheter, compared with 40 cases using the Arctic Front Advance. Procedure times (60.0 vs. 60.0 min) were similar between the two technologies, however left atrial dwell time (35.0 vs 39.0 min) and fluoroscopy times (3.3 vs. 5.2 min) were higher with the POLARx. Measured nadir and isolation balloon temperatures were significantly lower with POLARx. Almost all veins were isolated with a median freezing time of 16.0 (POLARx) versus 15.0 (Arctic Front Advance) min. The rate of procedural complications was low in both groups.
 
  The POLARx cryoballoon is effective for pulmonary vein isolation. Measured isolation and nadir temperatures are lower compared with the predicate Arctic Front Advance catheter. The technology appears similar in acute efficacy and has a short learning curve, but formal dosing studies may be required to prove equivalence of efficacy.
 The POLARx cryoballoon is effective for pulmonary vein isolation. Measured isolation and nadir temperatures are lower compared with the predicate Arctic Front Advance catheter. The technology appears similar in acute efficacy and has a short learning curve, but formal dosing studies may be required to prove equivalence of efficacy.
  The goal of this study was to analyze whether the relationship between the rs9939609 polymorphism of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) with nutritional status is moderated by the ponderal index (PI) at birth in children and adolescents.
 
  A cross-sectional study evaluated 382 schoolchildren aged 6-17 years. Anthropometric variables such as waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) were used to assess nutritional status. Weight and height at birth were used for the PI calculation, which was divided into tertiles (lower, middle and upper). To compare the continuous variables between genotypes of the rs9939609 polymorphism, a recessive model (TT/AT vs. AA) and covariance analysis (ANCOVA) were used.
 
  The AA genotype of the rs9939609 polymorphism was associated with higher WC in schoolchildren born with lower PI (β= 4.40; p= .048). However, for BF%, the genotype association was found in the upper PI tertile (β= 7.35; p= .040).
 
  The relationship between WC and BF% with rs9939609 polymorphism (FTO) seems to be moderated by PI at birth. This is an important insight, since the data for intrauterine growth, genetic factors and the presence of obesity in children and adolescents are still contradictory.
 The relationship between WC and BF% with rs9939609 polymorphism (FTO) seems to be moderated by PI at birth. This is an important insight, since the data for intrauterine growth, genetic factors and the presence of obesity in children and adolescents are still contradictory.While high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is related to the development of cervical, vulvar, anal, penile and oropharyngeal cancer, low-risk human papillomavirus (LR-HPV) infection is implicated in about 90% of genital warts, which rarely progress to cancer. The carcinogenic role of HR-HPV is due to the overexpression of HPV E5, E6 and E7 oncoproteins which target and modify cellular proteins implicated in cell proliferation, apoptosis and immortalization.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/fht-1015.html  LR-HPV proteins also target and modify some of these processes; however, their oncogenic potential is lower than that of HR-HPV. HR-HPVs have substantial differences with LR-HPVs such as viral integration into the cell genome, induction of p53 and retinoblastoma protein degradation, alternative splicing in HR-HPV E6-E7 open reading frames, among others. In addition, LR-HPV can activate the autophagy process in infected cells while HR-HPV infection deactivates it. However, in cancer HR-HPV might reactivate autophagy in advance stages. Autophagy is a catabolic process that maintains cell homoeostasis by lysosomal degradation and recycling of damaged macromolecules and organelles; nevertheless, depending upon cellular context autophagy may also induce cell death. Therefore, autophagy can contribute either as a promotor or as a suppressor of tumours. In this review, we focus on the role of HR-HPV and LR-HPV in autophagy during viral infection and cancer development. Additionally, we review key regulatory molecules such as microRNAs in HPV present during autophagy, and we emphasize the potential use of cancer treatments associated with autophagy in HPV-related cancers.