With the outbreak of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic in Wuhan, China, in January 2020, the escalating number of confirmed and suspected cases overwhelmed the admission capacity of the designated hospitals. Two specialty field hospitals-Huoshenshan and Leishenshan-were designed, built and commissioned in record time (9-12 days) to address the outbreak. This study documents the design and construction of Leishenshan Hospital. Based on data collected from various sources such as the semi-structured interviews of key stakeholders from Leishenshan Hospital, this study found that adhering to a product, organization, and process (POP) modeling approach combined with building information modeling (BIM) allowed for the ultra-rapid creation, management, and communication of project-related information, resulting in the successful development of this fully functional, state-of-the-art infectious disease specialty hospital. With the unfortunate ongoing international COVID-19 outbreak, many countries and regions face similar hospital capacity problems. It is thus expected that the lessons learned from the design, construction and commissioning of Leishenshan Hospital can provide a valuable reference to the development of specialty field hospitals in other countries and regions.Minipig skin is one of the most widely used non-rodent animal skin models for dermatological research. A thorough characterization of minipig skin is essential for gaining deeper understanding of its structural and functional similarities with human skin.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/mpp-dihydrochloride.html  In this study, three-dimensional (3-D) in vivo images of minipig skin was obtained non-invasively using a multimodal optical imaging system capable of acquiring two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) images simultaneously. The images of the structural features of different layers of the minipig skin were qualitatively and quantitatively compared with those of human skin. Label-free imaging of skin was possible due to the endogenous fluorescence and optical properties of various components in the skin such as keratin, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD(P)H), melanin, elastin, and collagen. This study demonstrates the capability of optical biopsy techniques, such as TPEF and FLIM, for in vivo non-invasive characterization of cellular and functional features of minipig skin, and the optical image-based similarities of this commonly utilized model of human skin. These optical imaging techniques have the potential to become promising tools in dermatological research for developing a better understanding of animal skin models, and for aiding in translational pre-clinical to clinical studies.Self-terminated electrochemical deposition is used to grow Pt nanoparticles on tungsten monocarbide (WC) from a pH 4 electrolyte of 3 mmol/L K2PtCl4-0.5 mol/L NaCl. An unconventional potentiodynamic deposition program is used where nucleation is promoted at large overpotentials followed by growth termination at still larger overpotentials to yield a high coverage of Pt nanoparticles. Following three deposition cycles between -0.8 VSCE and -0.45 VSCE, the surface is covered by a monolayer equivalent charge of Pt in the form of ≈3 × 1011 particles/cm2 that are ≈6.7 ± 1.1 nm in diameter. The number and size of nanoparticles increase monotonically for five deposition cycles. Area-normalized kinetics for hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxidation (HOR) on Pt-WC were determined in 0.5 mol/L H2SO4. For the lowest surface coverage of Pt nanoparticles on WC, ≈ 0.01, an exchange current density of ≈ 100 mA/cm2 is achieved, comparable to the highest reported values for Pt nanoparticles and ultramicroelectrodes. The area normalized apparent exchange current density decreases with increasing Pt coverage as the relative contribution of point versus planar diffusion decreases. Self-terminated electrodeposition of Pt provides an attractive approach to achieving ultra-low loadings of well-dispersed Pt nanoparticles on a non-precious metal support like WC.This work presents a technique for design of ultra-low power (ULP) CMOS voltage references achieving extremely low line sensitivity while maintaining state-of-the-art temperature insensitivity through the use of a 6-transistor (6T) structure. The proposed technique demonstrates good performance in sub-100 nm CMOS technologies. The 65-nm CMOS implementation occupies only 840 μm2 of area and consumes 28.6 pA from a 0.5 V supply. Measurements from 6 samples from the same wafer show an average line sensitivity of 0.02 %/V, a 10X improvement over previous 65 nm implementations, and an average temperature coefficient of 99.2 ppm/°C.The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) certifies a suite of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) to evaluate specific aspects of instrument performance of both X-ray and neutron powder diffractometers. This report describes SRM 660c, the fourth generation of this powder diffraction SRM, which is used primarily for calibrating powder diffractometers with respect to line position and line shape for the determination of the instrument profile function (IPF). It is certified with respect to lattice parameter and consists of approximately 6 g of lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6) powder. So that this SRM would be applicable for the neutron diffraction community, the powder was prepared from an isotopically enriched 11B precursor material. The microstructure of the LaB6 powder was engineered specifically to yield a crystallite size above that where size broadening is typically observed and to minimize the crystallographic defects that lead to strain broadening. A NIST-built diffractometer, incorporating many advanced design features, was used to certify the lattice parameter of the LaB6 powder. Both Type A, statistical, and Type B, systematic, uncertainties have been assigned to yield a certified value for the lattice parameter at 22.5 °C of a = 0.415 682 6 ± 0.000 008 nm (95% confidence).Bone destruction in inflammatory osteolytic diseases including periodontitis is related to excessive activity of osteoclasts (OC), which originate from precursor cells of the myeloid lineage, termed osteoclast precursors (OCP). In contrast to ample knowledge that we currently have on mature OC, little is known about OCP and their regulation during bacterial infection. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and characterize OCP following chronic infection with a periodontal bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). We used a micro-osmotic pump to continually release Pg subcutaneously in a murine model. Two weeks after Pg infection, the frequency of CD11b+c-fms+Ly6Chi population is significantly elevated within the bone marrow, spleen and peripheral blood. In vitro and in vivo studies identified these cells as the OCP-containing population and Pg infection significantly enhanced the osteoclastogenic activity of these cells. Furthermore, mRNA sequencing analysis indicated a unique gene and pathway profile in CD11b+c-fms+Ly6Chi population following Pg infection, with changes in genes and pathways related to OC differentiation, cell proliferation and apoptosis, inflammatory response, phagocytosis and immunity, as well as antigen processing and presentation.