https://www.selleckchem.com/products/fdi-6.html Research in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma has widened from the malignant T cell itself to the tumor microenvironment. In this issue of the Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Aronovich et al. (2020) report the presence of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in mycosis fungoides (MFs). They show that CAFs are abundant in early-stage MF and that they differ from normal fibroblasts. Moreover, CAFs are described to promote MF by increasing the motility and chemoresistance of malignant T cells. Thus, targeting CAFs in MF may be of therapeutic value.Verma et al. (2021) demonstrate that TNF antagonists unexpectedly downregulate systemic IL-1β by inhibiting noncanonical inflammasome activation in patients with psoriasis. Given the known involvement of IL-1β in the pathogenesis of psoriasis skin manifestations and associated comorbidities, the findings of Verma et al. (2021) highlight a potential added benefit of targeting TNF in psoriasis.Intracellular cutaneous infectious agents can trigger autoreactive immune responses, exacerbating or leading to new acute and chronic systemic illness. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) causes vigorous immunopathologic responses that contribute to mucosal disease and ulceration. In this issue of the Journal of Investigative Dermatology, Novais et al. (2020) expand on their previous work demonstrating that a cytotoxic CD8+ response is associated with therapeutic failure. In this study, they show that inhibition of granzyme B with the Jak1/3 inhibitor, tofacitinib, is associated with decreased severity of cutaneous lesions without the attenuation of T helper type 1 signaling or parasite control. Their findings, including the utility of topical delivery, suggest an attractive role for Jak inhibition alongside antiparasitic agents in the treatment of CL in patients.Technological advances in flow cytometry and the development of mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) have led to progressive increases