https://www.selleckchem.com/products/phycocyanobilin.html The mean health state differed among groups (unadjusted P = 0.002; adjusted P = 0.007). A difference in mean experienced well-being among groups was noted (unadjusted P = 0.003; adjusted P = 0.012). Lowest well-being was found in the CCS group with POI (P = 0.024). Female CCS have a significantly decreased health state and well-being. Female CCS with POI additionally have the lowest self-estimated well-being. Female CCS with POI should be identified early in order to give them adequate information and support. Female CCS with POI should be identified early in order to give them adequate information and support.Luteolin is a flavonoid with antioxidant properties already demonstrated in studies related to inflammation, tumor, and cardiovascular processes; however, there are no available information regarding its antioxidant effects at the venous endothelial site. We investigated the effects of luteolin (10, 20, and 50 μmol/L) in cultures of rat venous endothelial cells. Nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analyzed by fluorimetry; 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) residues were evaluated by immunofluorescence, and prostacyclin (PGI2) release was investigated by colorimetry. Intracellular NO levels were significantly enhanced after 10 min of luteolin incubation, with a parallel decrease in ROS generation. These results were accompanied by a significant reduction in the expression of 3-NT residues and enhanced PGI2 rates. Therefore, luteolin is effective in reducing ROS thereby improving NO availability in venous endothelial cells. Besides, luteolin-induced decrease in 3-NT residues may correlate with the enhancement in endothelial PGI2 bioavailability. These findings suggest the future application of this flavonoid as a protective agent by improving endothelial function in several circulatory disorders related to venous insufficiency.In in vitro culture systems, dexamethasone (DEX) has been applied with