Findings suggest a "wait and see" approach to treatment may miss an important opportunity for early intervention.Family involvement is critical to end-of-life (EOL) care among older adults. This study aims to examine the association and pathways between family relationships and older Chinese Americans' attitude toward family involvement in EOL care discussions. Data were collected from 260 Chinese Americans aged 55 years and above.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/rvx-208.html  Structural equation modeling was used to examine the total and indirect effects of family relationships on attitude toward family involvement in discussing EOL care plans. Family relationships had a significant positive total effect on attitude toward family involvement in EOL care. Indirect effects of family relationships on attitude toward family involvement in EOL care through self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers of discussing EOL care with family members were all significant. Findings provide empirical evidence of how family relationships affect older Chinese Americans' attitude toward family involvement in EOL care and underline the need for family-centered EOL interventions for this population.
  Nonunion is a postoperative complication after ankle arthrodesis (AA), which leads to increased morbidity and revision rates. Previous studies have identified risk factors for nonunion following AA, but no meta-analysis has been performed to stratify risk factors based on strength of evidence.
 
  Abstracts and full-text articles were screened by 2 independent reviewers. Relevant data were extracted from the included studies. Random effects meta-analyses were summarized as forest plots of individual study and pooled random effect results.
 
  Database search yielded 13 studies involving 987 patients were included, and 37 potential risk factors for nonunion. Meta-analysis found 5 significant risk factors for nonunion post-AA. Strong evidence supports male gender (OR 1.96; 95% CI 1.13-3.41), smoking (OR 2.89; 95% CI 1.23-6.76), and history of operative site infection prior to arthrodesis (OR 2.40; 95% CI 1.13-5.09) as predictors for nonunion following AA. There was moderate evidence supporting history of open injury (OR 5.95; 95% CI 2.31-15.38) and limited evidence for preoperative avascular necrosis (OR 13.16; 95% CI 2.17-79.61) as possible risk factors for nonunion.
 
  The results of our meta-analysis suggest that male gender, smoking, and history of operative site infection have strong evidence and that history of open injury and avascular necrosis also have evidence as risk factors for nonunion. Surgeons should be cognizant of these risks when performing AA and closely follow up with patients with the aforementioned risk factors to ensure postoperative success.
 
  Level V Systematic review of cohort and case-control studies.
 Level V Systematic review of cohort and case-control studies.
  This study investigated whether previously identified modifiable risk factors for dementia were associated with cognitive change in Māori (indigenous people of New Zealand) and non-Māori octogenarians of LiLACS NZ (Life and Living in Advanced Age; a Cohort Study in New Zealand), a longitudinal study.
 
  Multivariable repeated-measure mixed effect regression models were used to assess the association between modifiable risk factors and sociodemographic variables at baseline, and cognitive change over 6 years, with 
  values of <.05 regarded as statistically significant.
 
  Modifiable factors associated with cognitive change differed between ethnic groups. Depression was a negative factor in Māori only, secondary education in non-Māori was protective, and obesity predicted better cognition over time for Māori. Diabetes was associated with decreased cognition for both Māori and non-Māori.
 
  Our results begin to address gaps in the literature and increase understanding of disparities in dementia risk by ethnicity. These findings have implications for evaluating the type and application of culturally appropriate methods to improve cognition.
 Our results begin to address gaps in the literature and increase understanding of disparities in dementia risk by ethnicity. These findings have implications for evaluating the type and application of culturally appropriate methods to improve cognition.
  To explore the key patient attributes important to members of the Australian general population when prioritizing patients for the final intensive care unit (ICU) bed in a pandemic over-capacity scenario.
 
  A discrete-choice experiment administered online asked respondents (
  = 306) to imagine the COVID-19 caseload had surged and that they were lay members of a panel tasked to allocate the final ICU bed. They had to decide which patient was more deserving for each of 14 patient pairs. Patients were characterized by 5 attributes age, occupation, caregiver status, health prior to being infected, and prognosis. Respondents were randomly allocated to one of 7 sets of 14 pairs. Multinomial, mixed logit, and latent class models were used to model the observed choice behavior.
 
  A latent class model with 3 classes was found to be the most informative. Two classes valued active decision making and were slightly more likely to choose patients with caregiving responsibilities over those without. One of these classes valued prognosis most strongly, with a decreasing probability of bed allocation for those 65 y and older. The other valued both prognosis and age highly, with decreasing probability of bed allocation for those 45 y and older and a slight preference in favor of frontline health care workers. The third class preferred more random decision-making strategies.
 
  For two-thirds of those sampled, prognosis, age, and caregiving responsibilities were the important features when making allocation decisions, although the emphasis varies. The remainder appeared to choose randomly.
 For two-thirds of those sampled, prognosis, age, and caregiving responsibilities were the important features when making allocation decisions, although the emphasis varies. The remainder appeared to choose randomly.
  Patients and clinicians expect the information in patient decision aids to be based on the best available research evidence. The objectives of this International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) review were to 1) check the currency of, and where needed, update evidence for the domain of "basing the information in decision aids on comprehensive, critically appraised, and up-to-date syntheses of the evidence"; 2) analyze the evidence characteristics of decision aids; and 3) propose updates to relevant IPDAS criteria.
 
  We searched MEDLINE and PubMed to inform updates of this domain's definitions, justifications, and components. We also searched 5 sources to identify all publicly available decision aids (
  = 471). Two assessors independently extracted each aid's evidence characteristics.
 
  Minor updates to the definitions and theoretical justifications of this IPDAS domain are provided and changes to relevant IPDAS criteria proposed. Nearly all aids (97%) provided a year of creation/update, but most (81%) did not report an explicit update or expiration policy.