ansform of the convolution of the Gabor filter and the stimulus intensity function is what is recorded from simple visual cortical cells. This is not a coincidental observation, as nature economizes and utilizes a function that minimizes the uncertainty principle of signal extraction.Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive hereditary disorder that classically affects males due to the presence of only one X chromosome in males. Females are usually carriers due to the presence of counterpart X chromosome, but many times manifestations of hemophilia are seen in heterozygous carrier females. This is a result of skewed lionization, in which more normal X chromosomes are converted to bar body, and more abnormal chromosomes remain active in body cells, causing the dominant manifestation of the disease. The severity of manifestations is directly proportional to the level of the clotting factor in the blood. The disease can be severe enough to cause life-threatening bleeding, especially during delivery. Physicians usually reluctant to assume hemophilia in the differential diagnosis of the bleeding disorders in women but manifesting carrier females with hemophilia are not uncommon. Our review of the literature will give an opportunity to understand this issue more precisely as well as will discuss the disease manifestations and its updated management.Heroin leukoencephalopathy is associated with 'Chasing the dragon,' which is a heroin vapour inhalation method that is different from smoking or sniffing heroin. The clinical presentation ranges from mild to severe disease. Mild disease is characterized by inattentiveness and ataxia. In moderate diseases, extrapyramidal symptoms predominate, and finally, severe disease is characterized by generalized motor impairment, with death occurring in two-third of cases. We now report a rare presentation of the disease in a 60-year-old female with a past medical history of heroin abuse who presented to ED with signs and symptoms of confusion and restlessness. MRI brain without contrast showed diffuse symmetric increased intensity signals throughout the white matter. Electroencephalogram (EEG) revealed mild diffuse slowing with no lateralization. The patient was started on Vitamin E and was transferred to a rehab facility with following up neurology as an outpatient.Music can affect the behavior and emotion of children and adolescents. We conducted a content and trend analysis of Billboard's top 10 songs, 1999-2018, with particular attention to adult and positive themes. There was a total of 3633 total references, 3298 (90.8%) adult themes, and 335 (9.2%) positive themes. The most common adult themes were "sexually suggestive lyrics" (32.2%), "sexually suggestive dancing" (15.6%), "use of swear words" (13.7%), "alcohol use" (4.7%), and "use of guns/deadly weapons" (4.7%). The most common positive theme was "empowerment" (62.3%). There were greater references per minute for adult themes (4.8 vs.  https://www.selleckchem.com/products/dansylcadaverine-monodansyl-cadaverine.html  3.7 references per minute) and positive themes (0.6 vs. 0.3 references per minute) in the 2009-2018 study period as compared with the 1999-2008 study period. We encourage pediatric healthcare providers to be active participants in the promotion of media education, and we encourage parents to be mindful of the level of media exposure.In 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global health disaster. Patients with COVID-19 have variable clinical features and unpredictable prognoses; the infectious complication may occur in many organs, causing a broad spectrum of symptoms and severity. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a fatal urgent complication, which may occur following a severe infection. While the pathogenesis of PE in COVID-19 remains uncertain, it has mainly occurred in patients with severe disease. PE, as an initial presentation of COVID-19 in a patient with mild diseases, is rare and understudied. Here, we describe a young woman with mild COVID-19 illness and no significant risk factors for PE, except obesity, but had developed bilateral popliteal vein thrombosis and submassive PE. Our case emphasizes that thrombotic complications can occur in any COVID-19 patients regardless of the disease severity, questioning the role of preventive anticoagulants in mild COVID-19 cases with certain risk factors.Objectives Minimally invasive aortic valve replacement has the potential advantage of faster postoperative recovery compared to open procedures. Moreover, aortic valve replacement with a sutureless valve shortens procedure time. The aim of this study is to report early postoperative outcomes and one-year survival of patients undergoing sutureless aortic valve replacement with the Perceval S bioprosthesis (LivaNova, Milan, Italy) through a ministernotomy. Methods A total of 110 patients underwent sutureless aortic valve replacement in our center with the Perceval S bioprosthesis through a ministernotomy between February 2016 and March 2019. Data regarding preoperative and operative details, hospital stay, postoperative outcomes within 30 days after surgery, and one-year mortality were assessed. Results The mean cross-clamping time and extracorporeal circulation time were 54 ± 14 and 78 ± 21 minutes, respectively. No conversion to full median sternotomy was needed perioperatively. In-hospital mortality was 0.9%. Postoperative peak gradient was 13.3 mmHg; no major paravalvular leakage or valve migration occurred postoperatively. Postoperative complications consisted of one (0.9%) patient requiring full sternotomy for bleeding and two (1.8%) patients requiring re-ministernotomy due to acute tamponade. Pacemaker implantation was needed in four (3.6%) patients. Postoperative ischemic stroke rate and new-onset atrial fibrillation were 0.9% (n = 1) and 20% (n = 22), respectively, and one-year survival was 97.3%. Median intensive care unit and hospital stay were one and eight day(s), respectively. Conclusion Minimally invasive sutureless aortic valve replacement with the Perceval S bioprosthesis through a ministernotomy appears to be a safe procedure with good postoperative results and one-year survival. Further follow-up is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes.